副小体膜壳绦虫Hymenolepis paramicrosoma Gasowaka的生活史研究(膜壳科)

本文首次报告我国家鸭的副小体膜壳绦虫(Hymenolepis paramicrosoma Gasowaka,1913)的生活史。实验阐明福建厦门地区的广布中剑水蚤(Mesocyclops leuckarti)和等形小剑水蚤(Microcyclops M.subaeqnalis)为本虫的中间宿主,二者均是中间宿主新记录。在室温23—26℃的条件下,剑水蚤自感染虫卵后发育为拟囊尾蚴期需时7天,但达到成熟的拟囊尾蚴则需11天,幼虫在中间宿主体内的全程发育要经过六钩蚴期、原腔期、囊腔期、头结形成期和拟囊尾蚴期等五个阶段的发育。小鸭感染拟囊尾蚴后需要经过15天才可发育达到性成熟的成虫。     

细薄膜壳绦虫[Hymenolepis gracilis(Zeder,1803)Cohn,1902]的发育史研究(多节绦虫亚纲:膜壳科)

细薄膜壳绦虫广布世界各地,常见寄生鸭和鹅。印度、日本、意大利、苏联及波兰等均有报告。国内林宇光(1959)首次描述本虫。国外报告多种剑水蚤、介虫等甲壳类可充当其中间宿主(Blanchard,1891;Mrazek,1891;Daday,1900;Linder,1921;Joyeux,1930等)。但国内有关本虫的生活史研究至今尚未见报告。作者进行本项研究,目的是观察研究本虫幼虫在中间宿主体内的发育规律,了解我省鸭、鹅感染本虫的途径和传染媒介的种     

汤氏长足水蚤幼体发育的研究

本文描述汤氏长足水蚤的6个无节幼虫期和5个桡足幼体期的主要形态特征,并绘制各期幼体图版。这种长足水蚤无节幼虫的身体后端左右对称,第二触角的基节和底节不具咀嚼刺,大?的咀嚼突起很不发达。无节幼虫期在发育过程中不摄取食物。桡足幼体期的第四对胸足第一基节内缘不具刚毛,第五对胸足单肢型。两性外部形态的分化在第Ⅳ期桡足幼体出现。此外,还比较研究了汤氏长足水蚤和真刺唇角水蚤的幼体外部形态特征。     

氯胺灭活水中剑水蚤类浮游动物的试验研究

选用氯胺为氧化剂对剑水蚤进行灭活试验．先通过正交试验研究确定影响灭活剑水蚤效果的主要影响因素,并进行显著性分析;之后分别考察在蒸馏水和腐殖酸配制水中有效氯的投加量、氯和氨的投加比例对灭蚤效果的影响．结果表明,氯胺对剑水蚤具有显著的灭活作用．在有效氯质量浓度为3．00mg／L、氯和氨投加比例1：1～4：1时,蒸馏水试验中对剑水蚤的灭活可达到75％～95％,腐殖酸配制水试验可达50％～80％．而灭活效果受pH值（在6．0～8．0之间）、剑水蚤密度、氨和氯的投加时间间隔影响较小．     

真刺唇角水蚤幼体形态发育

真刺唇角水蚤的幼体发育系经过6个无节幼虫期和5个桡足幼体期,第Ⅴ期桡足幼体蜕皮后即达成体。无节幼虫的身体后端左右对称,第二触角的基节和底节不具咀嚼刺,大颚的咀嚼突起很不发达。桡足幼体期的第五对胸足单肢型。这些形态特征都与其它9种唇角水蚤的显著不同。两性外部形态的分化在第Ⅳ期桡足幼体出现。     

分棘四棱线虫的生活史研究

本文报道了分棘四棱线虫在中间宿主和终末宿主体内的发育情况。在16—22℃下,虫卵被异壳介虫吞下后数小时,第1期幼虫即孵化出来,进入宿主组织中寄生。第8天后进入第2期,消化道逐渐形成。第13天后进入第3期,尾端的棘刺排成1圈,圈中央为1个棘刺。生殖原基呈团状,雄虫的生殖原基靠近肠前部附近;雌虫的生殖原基在肠的后部靠近直肠。感染雏鸭后,幼虫生殖原基即开始迅速发育。至感染后第3天,幼虫蜕皮进入第4期,雄虫的交合刺与泄殖腔、雌虫的储精囊形成。感染后第7天,幼虫最后一次蜕皮,雌虫进入拉培根窝内寄生,虫体开始显著膨大。感染后13天雌雄虫分别出现精子与虫卵。感染后15天,出现发育成熟的虫卵。     

锥形宽水蚤幼体发育的研究

本文描述锥形宽水蚤的6个无节幼虫期和5个桡足幼体期的主要形态特征,并绘制各期幼体图版。这种宽水蚤的两性外部形态的分化在第Ⅳ期桡足幼体出现。三种宽水蚤幼体外部形态的比较研究结果表明,锥形宽水蚤和长角宽水蚤的各期幼体彼此很相似。     

虾塘浮游动物种类的调查

于1997年3月至1998年6月期间,在广东省珠海、深圳和廉江龙营围等地方的虾塘进行浮游动物种类的调查．结果表明在虾塘浮游动物的优势种类有小长腹剑水蚤(Oithonanana)、双齿许水蚤(Schmackeria duia)、小拟哲水蚤(Paracalanus crassirostris)、捷氏歪水(Tortanus derjugini)、琉球咸水剑水蚤(Halicyclops royi)、刺尾纺锤水蚤(Acartia spinicauda)、海洋伪镖水蚤(Pseudoiaptomus marinus)、壶状臂尾轮虫(Brachionus urceus)、多毛类幼体(Polychaetalarva)、短尾类幼体(Brachyuralarva)和各种桡足类的幼体(Copepoda larva)．浮游动物的非优势种类有圆囊箭虫(Sagitta jabarensis pathansalis)、肥胖箭虫(Sagitta enflata)、模式有瓜猛水蚤(Onycholamptus mobammed)、孔雀唇角水蚤(Labiadocera dubia)、驼背隆哲水蚤(Acrocalausgibber)、短角异剑水蚤(Apocyclops royi)和左突唇角水蚤(Labidocera sinilobata)等种类．属于甲壳类动物的猛水蚤例如模式有瓜猛水蚤,由于以虾塘动物尸体为食,则有可能因摄食患白斑病死亡的对虾而感染上白斑综合症病毒(white spot syndrome virus,WSSV),成为WSSV的自然宿主．     

2020年夏季青岛近海及毗邻海域浮游动物群落特征

为研究夏季青岛近海及毗邻海域浮游动物的群落特征，采用2020年7月26日—8月11日在南黄海近岸海域21个站位采集的样品，分析该海域浮游动物群落的种类组成、优势种、数量分布以及生物多样性等群落特征.研究海域共鉴定出浮游动物成体51种、浮游幼虫26类，浮游动物的平均栖息密度为1 147.2 m^-3.研究海域浮游动物大致以31.5等盐线为界，划分为南黄海沿岸组群和黄海中部组群.不同组群的优势种组成差异明显，黄海中部组群优势种为中华哲水蚤(Calanus sinicus)、小拟哲水蚤(Paracalanus parvus)、拟长腹剑水蚤(Oithona similis)和近缘双毛大眼剑水蚤(Ditrichocorycaeus affinis),南黄海沿岸组群优势种为小拟哲水蚤、近缘双毛大眼剑水蚤、鸟喙尖头溞(Penilia avirostris)、强壮滨箭虫(Aidanosagitta crassa)和多毛类幼体(Polychaeta larvae).表层温度和表层盐度是影响夏季青岛近海及毗邻海域浮游动物群落结构的主要环境因子.     

刚刺颚口线虫流行病学调查及其幼虫对灵长类的易感性

本文报告了刚刺颚口线虫 Gnathostoma hispidum 第一、二中间宿主和转续宿主共 38种。首次证明狲猴 Macaca mulatta可充当本虫的第二中间宿主和转续宿主。用刚刺颚?线虫晚第三期幼虫经皮肤穿刺感染小白鼠和家猫均获得阳性。5种哺乳动物和4种鸟类(其中家禽2种)用同上幼虫人工感染亦获成功。流行学调查和动物实验表明本虫和棘颚口线虫G.spinigerum 的生物学和流行学特性十分相似,同样能感染人体,是人兽共患的重要寄生虫。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.