瑞雷波在地基强夯检测中的应用

针对填海造地以及低丘整平等场地地基强夯工程中的质量检测问题，基于瑞雷波传播的波长与测试深度呈负相关的动力学特性，提出了态瑞雷波检测法工作原理与方法。瞬态法是激震时产生一定频率范围的瑞雷波，该波以复频波的形式传播，而检波器接收瞬态震动引发的地震波（地面波为主）并做信号处理，以形成由面波信号换算出的频散曲线。与传统方法比较，瞬态瑞雷波检测法能全面，直观和快速地检测强夯地基加固的效果，提高强夯地基工程建设质量，缩短质量检测周期。     

基于面波多道分析法的无砟轨道性能劣化反演方法

提出了基于面波多道分析法的无砟轨道性能劣化反演方法。以无砟轨道理论面波频散曲线为基础，分析具有不同劣化程度的无砟轨道面波频散特性，构建无砟轨道性能劣化反演方法，并研究激振频率与检波器布设方式对反演效果的影响。结果表明：无砟轨道的面波频散曲线在低频与高频段分别取决于CA砂浆与轨道板的横波速度。为提高反演效果，建议将激振频率取为50 kHz，最小偏移距取大于或等于0.05 m，道间距取0.05 m，并尽可能增大检波器排列长度。     

基于τ—p变换的频散曲线及其算法实现

论述了瞬态瑞利波勘探的原理及频散曲线在勘探中的重要性,在分析采集数据时的注意事项和影响τ－ｐ变换的几种因素的基础上,结合实例探讨了用τ－ｐ变换法求瞬态瑞利波频散曲线的方法,并给出了该方法的流程图及其分析结果。     

基于矢量波数变换法的主动源瑞雷波多模式提取方法在近地表地层结构探测中的应用研究

基于瞬态多道面波分析法(MASW)的数据采集方式, 对矢量波数变换法(VWTM)、相移法和高分辨率拉东变换法3种瑞雷波频散成像方法进行对比分析。首先, 采用合成地震数据对比3种方法的成像效果, 发现VWTM在成像精度和成像质量方面都有很大的优势, 成像分辨率高, 与理论频散曲线拟合准确, 高阶模式成像效果突出, 且抗噪能力也优于另两种方法。然后, 采用实际多道瞬态面波数据进行对比分析, 发现与相移法和拉东变换法相比, VWTM在瑞雷波基阶模式成像精度和高阶模式成像质量方面仍具有优势。采用遗传算法对比基阶与高阶频散曲线反演结果, 发现含有高阶模式的多模式频散曲线联合反演的多解性明显降低, 反演结果精度更高, 也更稳定。在实际瞬态瑞雷波勘探实践中, VWTM能够高质量地提取多模式瑞雷波频散特征, 可为多模式面波频散联合反演提供可靠的基础数据。研究结果表明, 将VWTM法与有效的反演方法相结合, 可以极大地提高瑞雷波浅地层探测能力和探测精度。     

瞬态面波法检测路基压实度的研究与探讨

提出利用瞬态瑞雷面波频散特性、瞬态瑞雷波传播速度与路基土的干密度的关系，进行公路路基土的压实度的无损检测．通过现场工地的瞬态瑞雷波与灌砂法同位测试结果的对比分析，建立了瞬态瑞雷波波速与压实度的回归经验公式，并分析了瑞雷波波速测试路基土压实度的优缺点及今后的研究重点．     

用MASW评价灌浆效果

介绍了MASW（多道面波分析法）的基本原理和工作方法。利用互相关分析方法得到频散曲线。对频散曲线正、反分析可计算各层介质力学参数,并绘制地质解释成果图。结合工程实例检测了MASW技术在工程应用上的可靠性。     

LSAWs技术检测超薄low-k材料机械特性的匹配算法

激光激发超声表面波法(LSAWs)是一种无损检测技术,其理论依据为表面波在分层材料中传播时发生频散.在检测超薄low-k薄膜材料机械特性时,LSAWs方法在准确性、快速等方面比传统的纳米压痕法具有明显优势.对大量的实验数据进行了细致分析,得到了频率低于200 MHz的表面波频散曲线的特殊规律,并在此基础上建立了一种基于二分法的快速查找算法,实现了理论与实验频散曲线的快速匹配.超声表面波技术对超薄low-k膜层材料的弹性模量进行在线检测时,采用快速匹配算法可以显著提高检测速度.     

多道瞬态面波法在强夯地基处理工程的应用

多道瞬态面波法基于在不均匀介质中,面波具有频散性.通过对频散曲线进行分析,可划分不同深度相应的面波,而面波与剪切波有密切关系.剪切波在建筑抗震设计中,可用于建筑场地类别划分,同时也是场地地震效应评价不可缺少的参数.通过工程实践,用统计方法建立剪切波与土体的标准贯入试验击数、地基承载力、黏聚力及内摩擦角等参数的关系,可间接提供强夯地基处理施工中,因客观原因,缺少土层参数的不足.为此,通过工程实例,说明多道瞬态面波法在强夯地基工程的应用效果.     

应用瞬态面波预测基桩承载力

建立了桩周土的极限侧阻力标准值及极限端阻力标准与剪切波速度的相关模型。应用瞬态面波测试技术可以快速检测周土剪切波速，从而可实现单桩承载力的无损检测，简述了瞬态面波检测周土剪切波速数据采集与处理的方法技术，针对目前数据采集时必须限制道间中间距在一个波长范围内存在问题，提出了瞬态面波采集时道间距不受限制的数据处理技术。     

小波变换在面波插值中的应用

利用瑞雷面波的频散信息可有效反演浅层横波速度结构.但在大时空采样地震记录中,由于瑞雷面波的速度很低,其记录中的高频成分容易出现严重假频,甚至出现超周期现象,这会降低其频率速度谱的信噪比,影响频散曲线的提取精度,在高频段更加如此.基于小波变换原理,实现对瑞雷面波的时空插值;根据瑞雷面波同相轴线性的特点,将线性动校正引入到插值中,改善高频信息的插值效果;进行理论模型数据和实际记录的试算与频率速度谱的提取以及插值前后频率速度谱的对比分析.研究结果表明:基于小波变换原理的插值方法是正确的;该方法可以有效提高频率速度谱的信噪比和频散曲线的提取精度,为大时空采样地震记录瑞雷面波频散曲线的提取提供理论基础.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to