基于自适应惯性权重的混沌粒子群算法

针对粒子群优化(particle swarm optimization,PSO)算法易陷入早熟的缺陷,提出了一种基于自适应惯性权重的混沌粒子群算法。首先利用立方映射产生的混沌序列对粒子位置进行初始化,为全局搜索的多样性奠定基础;然后采用自适应惯性权重优化策略,提高收敛速度;最后如果判断算法陷入早熟,则对算法进行混沌扰动,使其跳出局部最优。仿真实验结果表明,改进算法的收敛速度及收敛精度都有明显提高,能有效地避免早熟。     

云模型和混沌粒子群算法的多目标无功优化

为了克服基本粒子群算法易陷入局部最优值和后期收敛速度慢的不足,提出一种基于云模型的自适应粒子群算法。该算法首先采用混沌优化策略对粒子群进行初始化,增加粒子取值的多样性;其次根据粒子的适应度值将种群中的粒子分成靠近最优值、较靠近最优值和远离最优值3个子群,并分别采取不同的惯性权重生成策略进行处理,其中较靠近最优粒子子群的惯性权重由正态云发生器动态自适应调整,摆脱算法陷入局部最优值束缚;最后在迭代后期通过正态云算子实现粒子的变异操作,使算法后期快速收敛到最优解。对标准IEEE30节点系统和IEEE118节点系统进行测试仿真,结果表明了文中算法解决多目标无功优化的有效性。     

一种动态惯性权重的粒子群优化算法

自粒子群优化算法被提出以来,由于其收敛速度快、易实现,得到了快速发展和广泛应用.在此提出了一种改进型的粒子群优化算法,主要特点是随进化代数的增加而动态非线性减小惯性权重,以此改善演化后期收敛速度迅速降低的问题.为了评价其性能,选取了5个基准函数进行测试,并与惯性权重线性递减的粒子群优化算法作了比较.数字仿真表明,改进算法能极大地提高搜索性能.     

改进型耗散粒子群优化算法

通过对标准粒子群优化算法中惯性权重的分析和对耗散理论的研究,提出了一种惯性权重正弦调整的耗散粒子群优化算法(S-DPSO),并对该算法进行了深入的分析和研究.通过对4个典型函数的仿真测试,试验结果表明S-DPSO在收敛速度和全局收敛性方面都比标准粒子群优化算法、随机惯性权重粒子群优化算法、惯性权重正弦调整粒子群优化算法、耗散粒子群优化算法和随机惯性权重耗散粒子群优化算法有明显改进.理论分析和仿真试验验证了S-DPSO的正确性和有效性.     

一种自适应混合纵向多变异粒子群算法

为克服标准粒子群算法搜索后期收敛速度慢、容易陷入局部最优的缺点,通过引进自适应惯性权重因子平衡标准粒子群优化算法的全局搜索和局部改良能力,同时设计了均匀分布变异和高斯分布变异相结合的粒子群混合纵向多变异策略,来提高算法摆脱局部极值和局部寻优的能力.根据提出的改进算法流程,针对公认的Sphere,Rastrigin,Griewank和Salomon四种标准测试函数进行了收敛精度和收敛速度的测试.测试结果表明,在标准粒子群、自适应权重粒子群、自适应变异粒子群和自适应混合多变异粒子群4种算法中,提出的新算法具有最好的全局最优值搜索能力和最稳定的全局收敛特性,且在提高收敛速度的同时,有效地避免了早熟收敛问题.     

基于混沌理论和自适应惯性权重的PSO算法优化

针对粒子群算法固定惯性权重和早熟收敛的缺陷,提出一种动态自适应惯性权重调整策略,有效增强了算法的全局和局部寻优能力;并针对早熟问题,采用混沌映射方法增加种群多样性,同时利用负梯度方向调整群体极值,极大降低了算法陷入局部极值的概率.通过在多个常用测试函数上与其他算法比较,证明了所提改进粒子群算法的正确性和有效性.     

一种改进的粒子群优化算法研究

针对标准粒子群优化算法存在过早收敛的不足,在对算法全局寻优和局部寻优性能分析的基础上,本文对标准粒子群优化算法的惯性权重因子采用非线性自适应的策略进行更新,提出了一种非线性自适应粒子群优化算法(NLDPSO算法),实验中分别选择单模态S函数和复杂多模态G函数对本文所提出的算法精确性、稳定性、快速性进行验证,仿真结果表明NLDPSO算法的综合寻优性能远远优于改进前算法。     

基于熵模型的粒子群优化算法

为了改善粒子群算法在解决高维优化问题时易早熟收敛且存在大量无效迭代的问题,提出了一种基于熵模型的粒子群优化(EPSO)算法.通过引入信息熵模型,精确分析了粒子群搜索过程中的聚集特性,将粒子群搜索过程划分为3个阶段进行优化.第1阶段引入粒子迭代熵差,优化调整惯性权重;第2阶段根据粒子群熵值变化,适时重置惯性权重;第3阶段采用截断策略,减少粒子群的无效迭代.实验结果表明,在Sphere、Rosenbrock、Ackley、Griewank、Rastrigin五个标准测试函数中,EPSO算法的求解精度和收敛速度都优于传统粒子群算法、经典粒子群算法、自适应惯性权重粒子群算法以及新的自适应惯性权重粒子群算法,并且减少了算法的大量无效迭代,从而验证了EPSO算法的有效性.     

修正的混沌粒子群算法求解经济负荷分配

为克服粒子群优化算法容易陷入局部最优、后期收敛慢等缺点,提出了一种修正的混沌粒子群优化算法.该算法通过修正粒子群迭代的行动策略,并引入遍历性较强的Tent混沌局部搜索机制,可以增强粒子的全局搜索能力,提高优化算法的全局寻优性能.将修正的混沌粒子群算法分别应用于6机组和15机组电力系统中求解经济负荷分配,在考虑系统网损和机组运行约束条件的情况下进行仿真实验.仿真结果表明:该算法用于求解高维、非凸、不连续等非线性复杂约束条件的电力系统经济负荷分配问题上,有着较快的收敛速度和较强的全局寻优能力.最后,通过与其它智能算法比较,验证了算法的有效性和优越性.     

基于扰动的自适应粒子群优化算法

【目的】针对标准粒子群优化算法在应用中暴露出的缺点,如在迭代后期收敛速度慢、搜索精度不高、容易陷入局部最优等,提出一种基于扰动的自适应粒子群优化算法。【方法】该算法将扰动因子加入速度更新公式中,使种群搜索范围扩大;采用自适应的惯性权重,以起到平衡全局和局部寻优能力的作用;对最优粒子进行自适应的柯西变异,拓展最优粒子的搜索空间,降低粒子陷入局部最优的可能性;最后对算法进行仿真实验。【结果】新算法能够增强全局搜索能力,有效避免局部最优,具有更快的收敛速度。【结论】新算法克服了标准粒子群优化算法的缺点,为进一步研究粒子群优化算法的改进和应用提供科学依据。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-