煤层气地球化学研究现状与发展趋势

概述了煤层气作为新资源的研究及开发状况，全面评述了煤层气地球化学研究的现状：其组分以CH4为主，δ13C1值约为－80‰—－10‰，有限的δD1值数据为－333‰—－117‰，CO2的δ13C值为－29.4‰—+18.6‰，其他组分的同位素则极少研究；煤层气目前仅主要识别出热成因气和次生生物气两种类型，还有其他划分标准；与常规天然气相比，煤层气CH4和CO2的δ13C值的分布范围很宽，尤其存在特高值．目前煤层气地球化学存在并需解决的主要问题为：甲烷碳、氢同位素组成变化的机理、影响因素及其应用；δ13C1值与Ro值的关系；煤层气成因类型的系统划分方案和指标以及煤层气地球化学在煤层气选区评价中的应用等．     

五台山-恒山一带金银矿床铅同位素地球化学特征

对五台山——恒山一带金银多金属矿床铅同位素地球化学研究表明，该区成矿物质主要来自下地壳及地幔，但太古宙绿岩型金矿铅同位素变化较大，而燕山期次火山岩型金银多金属矿床铅同位素较为集中，两期的成矿既有继承性，又有变异性。为新一轮普查找矿提供重要地质信息。     

大别山榴辉岩研究概述

榴辉岩作为典型的超高压变质岩,是研究碰撞造山带演化过程及地球深部变质作用的物质基础。该文阐述了我国大别山造山带榴辉岩的研究意义,大别山的地质背景以及榴辉岩的特征及产出特点。总结了大别山榴辉岩的同位素地球化学（包括碳、氢氧和稀有气体同位素）和稀土元素地球化学特征,并提出了一些在大别山榴辉岩的研究中尚有争论的问题,如榴辉岩原岩的成因及来源、榴辉岩形成过程中板块的俯冲深度、超高压变质过程中稀土元素的稳定性等。这些问题的解决还有赖于对大别地区的超高压变质岩做进一步的岩石地球化学及微量元素地球化学的研究。     

新疆喀孜别克锡矿床地质地球化学研究

本文论述了新疆喀孜别克锡矿床的含矿岩休、矿床地质、成矿的物理化学条件和成矿地球化学的流体包裹体、硫、氧、铅、铷－锶同位素和稀土元素特征，确定矿床成因是与花岗岩有关的高－中温热液矿床．     

油藏地球化──石油地球化学的新进展

系统地综述了油藏地球化学领域的最新进展和主要研究内容：（１）储层孔隙形成的有机一无机反应及储层孔隙分布预测；（２）油藏地球化学描述与油藏注入史的研究；（３）油气田开发动态的地球化学监测技术；（４）油田开发中油－岩润湿性的地球化学机制及其应用．深入研究油藏地球化学，对于剖析储层特征与油藏注入史，认识油藏流体性质在三维空间的展布规律，寻找新的油气聚集带，监测油气田开发动态、提高油气田的产能和最终采收率都有重要的理论意义和现实意义．     

镜铁山铁铜矿床热液沉积地球化学研究

镜铁山铁矿中新近发现并正在进行铜矿的勘探。这个矿床的含矿层虽然作为震旦系同生沉积体的一部分与地层整合产出，但它的化学组成明显不同于围岩，典型元素组合为：Ｆｅ—Ｃｕ—Ｓｉ—Ｂａ，热液沉积指示元素富集，Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、Ａｌ、Ｔｉ、Ｐ、Ｙ等的相互关系可与现代洋底含金属热液沉积物较好类比；Ｓ、Ｃ、Ｏ、Ｐｂ同位素地球化学研究证明成岩成矿物质与地热系统中的深部流体有关，而非陆源风化物所能提供；成矿流体为酸性（ＰＨ＝４．８７—５．３７）、还原（Ｅｈ＝—０．２９Ｖ——０．５８Ｖ）热（１７５Ｃ）水；地球化学研究证明了该矿床的形成经历了（主期）海底热液同生沉积和（次期）后生热液叠加（对铜硫化物再富集有一定作用）两个过程。     

中国盐湖地球化学发展历程与研究进展

盐湖蕴藏有许多重要化学成分,是多种盐类的重要来源。研究不同地区不同类型盐湖的形成演化及成矿规律,可为盐湖资源评价及合理的开发利用提供科学依据。文章简要概述了中国盐湖地球化学的起源及发展历程,重点介绍了元素地球化学、同位素地球化学、矿物地球化学和盐类包裹体地球化学等方面的应用及进展,并提出了今后中国盐湖地球化学的发展方向,对研究盐类矿产成矿规律、盐湖资源潜力评价、古气候重建及盐湖生态等具有重要的现实意义。     

评述统计学方法在环境地球化学研究中的应用

多元统计分析属于数学地质的的一个分支，是环境地球化学研究中一个强而有力的工具。本文主要介绍了在环境地球化学研究过程中比较常用的多元统计方法，如：相关分析、回归分析、因子分析、聚类分析、地统计分析、趋势面分析等方法的原理及其在环境地球化学研究中的主要研究内容与应用方向。     

地球化学区划与原产地域产品保护初探

原产地域产品保护制度已经成为世界各国普遍关注的一大热点.元素-铅同位素地球化学填图结果表明,我国已出现许多名优原产地域产品群落,川黔交界的中国著名白酒原产地环境就是一个待解之谜.中国有两个主要白酒原产地群落,最有名的是茅台酒和五粮液酒.通过元素-铅同位素地球化学示踪可以建立与原产地域密切相关的自然背景地质、地理与地球化学科学数据标记.     

国内期刊亮点

正青藏高原东北缘白银矿田表生黄钾铁矾40Ar/39Ar年代学和H-O同位素地球化学的初步研究中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所陈蕾和李建威对青藏高原东北缘祁连山地区白银矿田折腰山块状硫化物矿床风化壳中表生黄钾铁矾进行了40Ar/39Ar年代学和H-O同位素地球化学的初步研究,为祁连     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.