CFRP加固砌体填充墙抗燃气爆炸泄爆荷载的优化设计及动力响应

CFRP条带已广泛应用于结构构件的外贴抗爆加固.为了进一步提高砌体填充墙在泄爆荷载作用下的抗爆性能,同时控制加固材料成本,基于Hyperworks中的Opti Struct平台对典型砌体填充墙的CFRP外贴抗爆加固方案进行了拓扑优化,提出了一套优化加固方案.基于优化方案,建立了CFRP外贴加固砌体填充墙的精细化数值分析模型,模型的可靠性得到了试验结果的验证.基于数值模型,进一步讨论了燃气爆炸泄爆荷载作用下不同加固方式对单向和双向填充墙体动力响应和破坏模式的影响.结果表明,相较于传统方案,CFRP优化加固方案能显著提高砌体填充墙的抗爆能力;优化加固的单向墙呈窄X型破坏形式,优化加固的双向墙发生了边界剪切破坏.     

砌体填充墙中构造柱的构造与施工方法建议

本文分析了钢筋混凝土框架砌体填充墙中设置钢筋混凝土构造柱与多层砌体结构中钢筋混凝土构造柱在作用、要求和构造做法方面的区别:分析了现阶段砌体填充墙中构造柱在施工方法中存在的主要问题及原因:给出满足《建筑抗震设计规范》要求的合理施工方法。实践证明,这种做法既能满足规范要求,又具有易操作、质量易控制的优点。     

钢筋混凝土框架结构中使用轻体砌块材料做填充墙时墙体防裂缝初探

在现行施工的钢筋混凝土框架结构、框架-剪力墙结构等结构体系中，基本采用轻质砌块砌体作为填充墙，经常出现裂缝，导致外墙渗漏、内墙不美观等问题。本文对轻质砌块砌体作为填充墙产生裂缝的原因进行综合分析，在总结施工经验的基础上阐述控制裂缝方法以供参考。     

框架结构砌块填充墙的质量保证

框架、框剪等混凝土结构用砌块作填充墙被广泛使用在工业与民用建筑中,但砌块填充墙容易产生裂缝,我们要针对砌块填充墙裂缝产生的原因及裂缝控制措施,通过对框架结构轻质砌块填充墙易出现质量通病的分析、研究,找出其防治的基本措施与方法,从而在施工中予以避免质量通病。在现行施工的钢筋混凝土框架结构、框架———剪力墙结构等结构体系中,基本采用轻质砌块砌体作为填充墙,但经常出现裂缝,导致外墙渗漏、内墙不美观等问题。本文对轻质砌块砌体作为填充墙产生裂缝的原因进行综合分析,在总结施工经验的基础上阐述控制裂缝方法,以供参考。     

填充墙对钢框架体系受力影响分析

目的研究不同材料填充墙以及填充墙厚度和填充率对高层钢结构自振周期的影响,找出较合理的高层钢结构填充墙布置方式.方法以实际工程为背景,利用Midas-Gen有限元分析软件建立带有砌体填充墙的高层钢结构住宅整楼模型,模拟在实际的受力过程中,砌体填充墙与钢框架之间的共同作用,考虑各类砌体填充墙对钢框架的抗侧力贡献.结果得到了不同材料填充墙的高层钢结构的自振周期,厚度为100 mm填充墙框架与纯框架周期比平均值为0.52,厚度为200 mm填充墙框架与纯框架周期比平均值为0.47;找到了影响填充墙高层钢框架结构刚度的影响因素,并通过数值分析得到相关影响规律.结论对于高层钢框架结构通过合理的填充墙布置可以有效增加结构的侧移刚度,在满足变形要求的前提下提高高层钢结构房屋的舒适度.     

剑麻纤维混凝土砌块砌体的力学性能研究

针对传统砌体填充墙在强烈地震荷载下常表现出低变形能力和高损伤特性,严重影响钢筋混凝土框架的延性的问题,本文开发了一种环境友好、经济高效且结构有益的剑麻纤维砌体填充砌体单元,并设计了3种配套延性砌筑砂浆。通过对砌体进行抗压和抗剪试验,获得了其应力-应变曲线、承载力和破坏模式等试验数据。结果表明：延性砌块-延性砂浆砌体在受力方向上呈现出无主裂缝的多缝开裂破坏模式,且抗压延性和剪切延性显著提高。根据相关规范提供的计算公式,得到了适用于新型砌体的抗压强度值;延性砌块-延性砂浆砌体的抗剪强度远超普通砌块砌体,并通过线性回归建立了适用于新型砌体的抗剪承载力计算公式。值得注意的是,延性砌块-延性砂浆砌体的变形能力远超延性砌块-普通砂浆砌体和普通砌块砌体,可应用于增强框架填充墙结构的地震安全性。     

基于双向板计算的高层建筑填充墙抗风设计

目的研究高层建筑砌体填充墙的抗风设计,为砌体填充墙在高层建筑中的应用提供参考.方法通过计算典型砌块(砖)砌体填充墙在四边固定、一边固定三边简支和上下端固定左右简支3种工况下,受风荷载作用下时产生的最大应力,并与砌体弯曲抗拉强度进行对比,分析支撑最不利工况下各种墙材填充墙受力情况.结果在墙体厚度不变的条件下,墙体抗风承载力随着高宽比的减小而增大,且高宽比应控制大于0. 5;通过对其高厚比限值的修正来考虑墙体上端为自由端或柔性连接时的影响,填充墙上端为自由端时的允许高厚比可提高30%,上端为柔性连接时的允许高厚比可提高15%.结论填充墙体顶部采取固接的连接方式有助于提高墙体平面外承载力;在一边固定三边简支的工况下,混凝土砌块砌体填充墙不能满足平面外抗风设计要求,故不应采用混凝土砌块砌体作为高层建筑填充墙,其他俩工况墙材均满足要求.     

带填充墙框架的精细化有限元模拟与分析

研究钢筋混凝土框架结构内部填充墙对框架的抗侧刚度、承载力及变形能力的影响。采用混凝土塑性损伤模型及黏性接触面单元模拟填充墙砌块及砂浆,对框架填充墙砌体进行了精细化建模,并模拟框架的面内水平位移加载,得到填充墙砌体在不同加载阶段的裂缝开展形态及外框架结构的损伤情况。将数值模拟结果与试验值进行了对比,为带填充墙框架的有限元精细化模拟及分析提出了一种可行的方法。     

混凝土框架-砌体填充墙结构抗震性能研究

文章采用SAP2000有限元软件对一栋国内典型的五层混凝土框架-砌体填充墙结构教育类建筑进行了弹性振型分解反应谱分析,通过程序设置不同的砌体弹性模量和墙体截面尺寸模拟了不同抗侧刚度下结构的层间位移角和层剪力与基底剪力对比,观察了结构整体性能的变化,最后得出结论混凝土框架-砌体填充墙结构在7度抗震设防区能完全满足规范上的...     

高层住宅外墙渗漏原因分析及其对策

本文从填充墙砖砌体与钢筋混凝土框架梁柱之间的裂缝渗水、填充墙砖砌体沿砖缝空隙渗水、混凝土外墙穿墙套管预留孔渗水、外墙窗框四周漏水、外墙粉刷裂缝及引条线部位渗水、面砖沟缝处渗水、家用设备的外墙穿墙孔部位渗水分析了渗水原因,并提出了治理对策,对预防外墙渗水有较好的借鉴作用…     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to