磁场作用下壳聚糖希夫碱对铬离子的吸附性能研究

壳聚糖希夫碱是壳聚糖与苯甲醛进行缩合反应的产物。本文在合成壳聚糖希夫碱的基础上;研究该改性壳聚糖对微量金属铬离子Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附性能;并考察其在磁场作用下吸附能力的变化,研究磁场强度和磁场处理时间等因素对吸附Cr(Ⅵ)的影响。吸附动力学研究表明：壳聚糖的改性产物壳聚糖希夫碱比改性前的壳聚糖具有较强的吸附Cr(Ⅵ)性能,其吸附饱和浓度可提高两倍以上;达到吸附饱和的时间也能缩短一半。强化吸附效果的试验表明：磁场处理可进一步增强壳聚糖和壳聚糖希夫碱的吸附性能,尤其是对壳聚糖希夫碱吸附性能有大幅度的提高;吸附量和吸附效率与磁处理强度、吸附时间、Cr(Ⅵ)溶液的酸度和浓度等吸附环境条件有关,适当的磁场处理可保证壳聚糖希夫碱对含Cr(VI)废水的高效吸附效果。     

印迹与交联壳聚糖吸附水中微量Cr（VI）的对比试验研究

本研究以壳聚糖为原料,戊二醛为交联剂,分别采用直接交联的方法和分子印迹技术制备交联壳聚糖和Cr(Ⅵ)印迹壳聚糖,并对这两种吸附剂对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附性能进行了研究,考察了pH、反应时间、吸附剂投加量、Cr(Ⅵ)初始浓度、温度对Cr(Ⅵ)去除率的影响.实验结果表明:酸性环境有利于壳聚糖类吸附剂对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附,pH为6.0时吸附效果最佳.交联壳聚糖和印迹壳聚糖对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附速率在前20 min较快,90 min即可达到吸附平衡.对30 mg/L 的Cr(Ⅵ)溶液,交联壳聚糖与印迹壳聚糖对Cr(Ⅵ)的去除率随投加量增加而增加,在投加量为3.5 g/L时,对Cr(Ⅵ)的去除率最高可达到92.4%和97.8%.相同实验条件下,印迹壳聚糖对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附较交联壳聚糖有明显提高,其幅度最高可达7.3%.     

印迹与交联壳聚糖吸附水中微量Cr(Ⅵ)的对比试验研究

本研究以壳聚糖为原料,戊二醛为交联剂,分别采用直接交联的方法和分子印迹技术制备交联壳聚糖和Cr(Ⅵ)印迹壳聚糖,并对这两种吸附剂对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附性能进行了研究,考察了pH、反应时间、吸附剂投加量、Cr(Ⅵ)初始浓度、温度对Cr(Ⅵ)去除率的影响.实验结果表明:酸性环境有利于壳聚糖类吸附剂对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附,pH为6.0时吸附效果最佳.交联壳聚糖和印迹壳聚糖对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附速率在前20 min较快,90 min即可达到吸附平衡.对30 mg/L的Cr(Ⅵ)溶液,交联壳聚糖与印迹壳聚糖对Cr(Ⅵ)的去除率随投加量增加而增加,在投加量为3.5 g/L时,对Cr(Ⅵ)的去除率最高可达到92.4%和97.8%.相同实验条件下,印迹壳聚糖对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附较交联壳聚糖有明显提高,其幅度最高可达7.3%.     

磁场作用下壳聚糖希夫碱对铬离子的吸附性能

在合成壳聚糖希夫碱的基础上,为探讨磁场作用下壳聚糖(CTS)及其改性后的壳聚糖希夫碱(CSB)对Cr(Ⅵ) 的吸附特性,研究了磁场强度和磁场处理时间、Cr(Ⅵ)溶液酸度和初始质量浓度等因素对吸附Cr(Ⅵ)的影响.结果表明:壳聚糖希夫碱比改性前的壳聚糖吸附Cr(Ⅵ)的性能强,其饱和吸附量由0.34mg/g提高到0.93mg/g;达到吸附饱和的时间由120min缩短到60min;磁场处理可进一步增强壳聚糖和壳聚糖希夫碱的吸附性能.     

交联壳聚糖处理电镀废水中铬(Ⅵ)的研究

以天然高分子化合物壳聚糖为原料,在碱性条件下用环氧氯丙烷对壳聚糖进行化学改性,制备得水不溶的交联壳聚糖(CCTS),采用静态法研究交联壳聚糖对废水中Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附行性能.实验结果表明交联壳聚糖对Cr(Ⅵ)具有很好的吸附性能,吸附的最佳条件是:pH值3-4,吸附时间为80min.使用CCTS处理电镀废水中的Cr(Ⅵ),离子吸附率达到了96%,而且吸附后的CCTS可以再生使用.     

聚季铵盐聚丙烯酰胺吸附剂对含Cr(Ⅵ)电镀废水吸附性能的研究

在静态条件下,对PQAAM吸附含重金属离子Cr(Ⅵ)的电镀废水进行了研究,探讨了PQAAM用量、废水pH值、吸附时间、吸附温度对去除Cr(Ⅵ)效果的影响.结果表明,在废水pH值6.0～8.0,Cr(Ⅵ)浓度0～100 mg/L范围内,吸附时间为100 min,吸附温度为20 ℃,按Cr(Ⅵ)与PQAAM质量比为1∶30投加PQAAM进行处理,Cr(Ⅵ)去除率可达98%以上.含Cr(Ⅵ)的电镀废水经PQAMM吸附后,废水中Cr(Ⅵ)的含量显著低于国家排放标准.表5,参9.     

粘土-壳聚糖复合吸附剂吸附铬(Ⅵ)离子性能的研究

通过壳聚糖与粘土的结合，制备出复合吸附剂，并研究其对Cr（Ⅵ）离子的吸附性能．研究结果表明，与单一的粘土或壳聚糖相比，该吸附剂对Cr（Ⅵ）离子吸附速度快、吸附能力强．吸附除去Cr（Ⅵ）的最佳工艺条件是：壳聚糖与粘土质量比为0．04，pH值4～6，Cr（Ⅵ）离子的质量浓度≤10mg／L，吸附平衡时间为40min，吸附荆用量为8．0g／L．     

粘土-壳聚糖复合吸附剂吸附铬(Ⅶ)离子性能的研究

通过壳聚糖与粘土的结合,制备出复合吸附剂,并研究其对C r(Ⅵ)离子的吸附性能.研究结果表明,与单一的粘土或壳聚糖相比,该吸附剂对C r(Ⅵ)离子吸附速度快、吸附能力强.吸附除去C r(Ⅵ)的最佳工艺条件是:壳聚糖与粘土质量比为0.04,pH值4~6,C r(Ⅵ)离子的质量浓度≤10 m g/L,吸附平衡时间为40 m in,吸附剂用量为8.0 g/L.     

壳聚糖水凝胶的制备及对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附研究

以壳聚糖为原料,过硫酸铵为引发剂、丙烯酸为接枝单体以及N,N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,采用交联聚合法制备壳聚糖水凝胶.通过傅里叶红外光谱,扫描电镜对壳聚糖水凝胶进行表征,红外光谱结果表明壳聚糖水凝胶制备成功,扫描电镜表明所制备的壳聚糖水凝胶表面凹凸不平,褶皱较多,可有效发挥吸附作用.此外探究了静置条件下壳聚糖水凝胶投加量,Cr(Ⅵ)初始浓度,吸附时间,反应温度等因素对壳聚糖水凝胶吸附Cr(Ⅵ)的效果影响,得出最佳去除率为99.6%.     

壳聚糖衍生物的制备及其对Cr(Ⅵ)离子的吸附

采用化学法对壳聚糖进行改性,分别制备了交联壳聚糖、丁烷基壳聚糖和O-羧甲基壳聚糖,用γ射线辐照降解制备了低摩尔质量的壳聚糖,研究了它们对废水中较难处理的污染物Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附情况,壳聚糖对Cr(Ⅵ)吸附的最佳pH值范围为5.0～6.0,最佳吸附时间大约为2h,每克壳聚糖可吸附约3mg Cr(Ⅵ),吸附率最大可达90%以上。交联壳聚糖、丁烷基壳聚糖和低摩尔质量壳聚糖对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附效果都比壳聚糖本身要好得多：交联壳聚糖吸附1h即可达到吸附饱和;丁烷基壳聚糖吸附Cr(Ⅵ)的最佳pH值出现在5.0附近,更能适应酸性环境;辐照降解后,壳聚糖在(0.4～0.8)×10⁵g/mol的范围内存在一个吸附最大值。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.