NaCI，Na_2SO_4和Na_2CO_3对小麦生长，脯氨酸及Na~＋，K~＋含量的比较研究

在５０、１００和２００ｍｍｏｌ／ｌ下，研究了ＮａＣＩ、Ｎａ２ＳＯ４和Ｎａ２ＣＯ３对小麦高生长、生物量生长、脯氨酸及Ｎａ＋，Ｋ＋含量的影响。ＮａＣＩ处理使高度下降８．８％～３５．４％、而Ｎａ２ＳＯ４和Ｎａ２ＣＯ３分别为８．８％～７７．９％和５３．１％～１００．０％。ＮａＣＩ处理使鲜重和干重分别降低１４．３％～４２．９％和６．１％～３６．７％，而Ｎａ２ＳＯ４处理分别为１４．３％～６４．３％和７．２％～５８．９％，Ｎａ２ＣＯ３处理分别为５０．０％～７４．１％和４８．３％～７２．８％。在ＮａＣＩ、Ｎａ２ＳＯ４和Ｎａ２ＣＯ３处理下，脯氨酸含量分别增加０．０％～６６．７％、０．０％～３３．３％和６６．７％～１００．０％。Ｎａ＋／Ｋ＋分别提高２．５～１１．９、３．６～１１４．１和３５．１～１５６．６倍。结果表明：Ｎａ２ＣＯ３的胁迫比Ｎａ２ＳＯ４强，而Ｎａ２ＳＯ４的胁迫影响又比ＮａＣｌ强     

均匀设计在肌苷发酵中的应用

采用均匀设计对肌苷工程菌枯草芽孢杆菌株Ｑ２９０１－４－３５（ＳＧｒ）的最佳发酵条件进行了研究。确定发酵培养基配方为（质量分数）葡萄糖１２％ ,药用酵母粉１．４％ ,硫酸铵１．３％ ,玉米浆０．５％ ,Ｎａ２ＨＰＯ４·１２Ｈ２Ｏ ０．５％ ,ＫＣｌ０．６％ ,ＭｇＳＯ４·７Ｈ２Ｏ ０．２２％ ,ＣａＣＯ３ ２．０％ ,尿素０．２％ （分消）ｐＨ７．０,在上述发酵培养基中发酵产苷达１５．２０ｇ／Ｌ,该菌株的产苷能力比在原发酵培养基中的产苷能力提高了１０％ 。从而证明均匀设计实验所给回归模型对发酵条件的选择具有重要的指导意义。     

低温化学镀镍磷合金工艺的研究

提出了一种低温化学镀镍工艺，可在７０℃下进行（常规工艺操作温度为８５～９５℃），槽液稳定，沉积达率不小于１０μｍ／ｈ，使用寿命达５个周期以上，并得到磷的质量分数为０．０２～０．０５的Ｎｉ－Ｐ合金镀层。Ｈ２ＰＯ２－和Ｎｉ２＋影响沉积速率的反应级数分别为０．３和０．３４，Ｈ２ＰＯ２－的平均利用效率为０．７６。     

溶剂萃取法制取硫酸钾的研究

本文研究了溶剂萃取法由ＫＣｌ与Ｈ２ＳＯ４反应制取Ｋ２ＳＯ４的方法，结果表明，胺类萃取剂对盐酸有较高的选择性；在确定的优惠工艺条件下，制得的产品Ｋ２ＳＯ４纯度高，达９７．５％以上，氯离子含量低于０．５％；用氨水反萃取，反萃率达９５％     

产植酸酶青霉菌株的诱变研究

对产植酸酶的青霉菌株Ａ２进行了诱变研究。分别以ＨＮＯ２－ＵＶ和ＵＶ－５Ｂｕ复合处理，进行了二轮诱变筛选后，得到高于Ａ２５０％以上的变异株６株，其中Ａ２－ＵＶ５９－２０株的酶活达０．８１２±０．０１９ｕ／ｍｌ，为出发菌株Ａ２的二倍多。     

放射形土壤杆菌Q9415胞外多糖的发酵工艺

从湖北沙土壤中筛选到一株放射形土壤杆菌Ｑ９４１５,其中产胞外多糖１％（体积质量,下同）水溶液经加热至９０℃左右,冷至常温既成弹性极好的热可逆透明凝胶,采用简单比较法对Ｑ９４１５菌摇瓶发酵生产胞外多糖的营养与环境条件进行了研究,结果表明：采用蔗糖３％,蛋白胨０．２％,Ｋ２ＨＰＯ４０．０５％,ＭｇＳＯ４０．０１％,ＭｎＳＯ４０．０１％,ＣａＣＯ３０．０５％,微量元素混合液０．０１％,土温８００．２％,     

接镉作业人员发镉的石墨炉原子吸收法测定

用石墨炉原子吸收法测定了从事镉化工、镉熔炼作业人员的发镉，证实其污染严重，含量达９．３～２５．２μｇ／ｇ，为正常人的１００～４００倍。样品用ＨＮＯ３和ＨＣｌＯ４消解；加１％ＮＨ４Ｈ２ＰＯ４以改进基体，更好地进行灰化；用加钙标准曲线修正基体干扰。以此法测定人发标准样ＢＢＷ０９１０１，测定值为０．０９８±０．００４，与标准值０．０９５±０．０１２μｇ／ｇ相符，误差＜４％。     

2,5—二甲基苯酚O—烷基化反应的研究

在２，５—二甲基苯酚与１，３—二溴丙烷的Ｏ—烷基化反应中加入相转移催化剂，并使用混合无机碱ＫＯＨ—Ｋ２ＣＯ３，可使产率达５６．０％～６２．４％．     

小麦耐盐愈伤组织内源脯氨酸含量和细胞学特征

以小麦幼穗和幼胚为外植体，诱导出愈伤组织，通过在培养基中逐渐增加选择剂（ＮａＣｌ：Ｎａ２ＳＯ４＝４：１）方法，获得耐０．８％至２．０％选择剂的耐盐愈伤组织，其内源脯氨酸含量显著高于相同盐渍条件下的对照组．培养基中选择剂浓度达到１．６％耐盐细胞仍能保持细胞及细胞器正常形态，液泡化程度低，细胞核大，有的细胞中出现二或二个以上核仁．在培养基中选择剂超过１．２％，绝大多数细胞处于坏死或类坏死状态．耐盐愈伤组织在培养基中选择剂不超过２．０％，生长良好，可以再生植株，其后代在０．３％ＮａＣｌ土壤中仍表现耐盐性．     

豆凝乳酶产生菌的筛选及诱变育种

从１０４份土样中分离到一株产豆凝乳酶的芽孢杆菌（Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ ｓｐ．）,酶活力０．３ｕ／ｍｌ。经ＵＶ－ＤＥＳ诱变及培养基调整后,酶活可达１．６ｕ／ｍｌ以上,其最适产酶培养基组成：麦麸２．５％,（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４ ０．５％（ＮＨ４）２ＨＰＯ４ ０．５％,ＣａＣｌ２ ０．０５％。     

去除和添加凋落物对马尾松×红锥混交林土壤呼吸的影响

为探讨凋落物输入量改变对马尾松×红锥混交林碳排放的影响,以马尾松×红锥异龄混交林为研究对象,通过添加和去除凋落物人为地改变碳输入,研究凋落物处理方式对土壤呼吸的影响。结果表明:(1)去除凋落物可降低土壤湿度、提高土壤温度,而添加凋落物则提高土壤湿度、降低土壤温度。去除凋落物使土壤年均呼吸速率显著降低27.88%,而添加凋落物则使土壤年均呼吸速率显著增加34.02%。(2)去除凋落物能降低四季的土壤呼吸累积排放量,而添加凋落物则提高四季的土壤呼吸累积排放量。对照、去除和添加凋落物的土壤呼吸的年累积排放量(以C计)分别为(9.51±0.12) t·hm~(-2)、(6.88±0.21) t·hm~(-2)和(12.70±0.53) t·hm~(-2),可见去除凋落物使土壤呼吸年累积排放量降低27.66%,而添加凋落物使土壤呼吸年累积排放量提高33.54%。(3)不同凋落物处理方式下土壤呼吸速率与土壤温度均呈显著相关,土壤温度解释了土壤呼吸速率变异程度的74.26%～94.28%。去除凋落物增加了土壤呼吸温度敏感性系数Q10值,而添加凋落物则降低Q10值。凋落物处理方式对马尾松×红锥异龄混交林土壤呼吸产生了显著影响,证明凋落物对于改变森林生态系统土壤呼吸和碳循环具有重要作用。     

Investigation of Ru （ phen ）3^2＋-Hydrazine-Ce（Ⅳ） Chemiluminescence System and Its Analytical Application

0 IntroductionThbiep ycroidmipnlee)xru ctahteinoinu mof(Ⅱ r)u t(he Rniuu(mbip,y m)3ai2n +ly) atrnids- t(r2is -,(21’ -,10-phenanthroline)ruthenium(Ⅱ) (Ru(phen)32 +) ,is a kindof sensitive analytical reagent for electrogenerated chemilumi-nescence(ECL) and chemiluminescence(CL) ,on which a par-ticular review has been presented[1]. The earliest publicationon the synthesis of Ru(bipy)32 +appeared in 1936[2], andduringthefollowing30 years ,theinvestigations relatedtothissubstance were only in…     

基于植酸锆/普鲁士蓝复合膜的电催化行为研究

通过层层自组装技术,构建植酸锆/普鲁士蓝(Zr-IP_6/PB)多层结构膜.基于普鲁士蓝(PB)对双氧水(H_2O_2)有很高的电催化性能,加之5层植酸锆/普鲁士蓝膜多孔结构有利于传质过程,该H_2O_2传感器具有高灵敏度和高选择性.实验结果显示:修饰电极对H_2O_2响应的物质的量浓度范围为2.00×10~(-5)～1.76×10~(-3) mol·L~(-1),线性相关系数R=0.998 9.     

Determination of dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls in soil and moss from Fildes Peninsula,Antarctica

Dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs) are a class of toxic and persistent chemicals that are often found in the environment.The determination of dioxin-like PCBs in Fildes Peninsula,Antarctica,is reported in this paper.Dioxin-like PCBs were widely distributed in Antarctic soil and moss with concentration of 2.23-27.2 pg/g in soil and 10.4-812 pg/g in moss.The highest concentrations were found in the Ardley Island area and the lowest concentrations on the west coast.The contribution of PCB-118 to the ∑12PCBs ranged from 36.0% to 69.6% in soil,and 17.2% to 43.4% in moss.The congener specific patterns in soil and moss were similar.Long-range atmospheric transport is thought to be the main source of PCBs detected on King George Island.The ∑12PCBs toxic equivalent(TEQ) in soil was 0.400×10?3 to 516×10?3 pg(TEQ)/g with a mean value of 147×10?3 pg(TEQ)/g.PCB-126 had the largest contribution(81.1%) to the ∑12PCBs TEQ in soil.The ∑12PCBs TEQ in moss ranged from 2.90×10?3 to 1.19 pg/g with a mean value of 0.482 pg/g.PCB-126 was also the largest contributor(91.4%) to the ∑12PCBs TEQ in moss.The mean TEQ in moss was about 40 times that in soil.     

盐胁迫对主要造林树种种子活力及幼苗生理特性的影响

在水培条件下进行刺槐（Ｒｏｂｉｎｉａｐｓｅｕｄｏａｃａｃｉａ）、马尾松（Ｐｉｎｕｓｍａｓｏｎｉａｎａ）、水杉（Ｍｅｔａｓｅｑｕｏｉａｇｌｙｐｔｏｓｔｒｏｂｏｉｄｅｓ）种子和幼苗的耐盐性试验。盐浓度为０．０％,０．１％,０．２％,０．３％,同时用２５０×１０－６多效唑（ＭＥＴ）测定预处理种子后的耐盐性。结果表明：盐浓度越大,种子发芽势及发芽率越低,简化苗木活力指数（ＳＶＩＳ）越小;ＭＥＴ对种子发芽势、发芽率及ＳＶＩＳ有抑制作用。但盐浓度越大,种子发芽率、ＳＶＩＳ越大;根茎比随盐浓度的增加而降低,ＭＥＴ有增加根茎比值的趋势;幼苗体内游离脯氨酸含量随盐浓度增加而增加,ＭＥＴ能提高脯氨酸的含量;在试验盐浓度下,刺槐、马尾松耐盐能力为０．２％～０．３％,水杉０．１％～０．２％。在沙培条件下,用２５０×１０－６硼酸,０．３％氯化钙和２５０×１０－６ＭＥＴ处理刺槐、湿地松（Ｐｉｎｕｓｅｌｉｏｔｉｉ）、侧柏（Ｐｌａｔｙｃｌａｄｕｓｏｒｉｅｎｔａｌｉｓ）种子,其耐盐能力增强。其中,氯化钙处理湿地松效果较好;硼酸处理侧柏效果好,ＭＥＴ处理居中。３种处理对刺槐的耐盐能力影响不大。     

Responses of woody plant root and xylem sap ATP to soil drying

The ATP in roots and xylem sap of two woody plant species, Platycladus orientalis and Acacia auriculiformis, subjected to rapid and slow soil drying has been determined employing firefly luciferase ATP assay method (sensitivity is at 10-12 mol ATP L-1). The ATP levels in the two species were 1.6 nmol·gDW-1 and 0.6 nmol·gDW-1 in roots, and 5.6 μmol·m-3 and 8 μmol ·m-3 in xylem sap, respectively. When plants of P. orientalis and A. auriculiformis were subjected to rapid soil drying, respectively, as soil water content (SWC) decreased from the normal level ( 0. 25 g ·gDW-1) to 0. 02 and 0. 06 g ·gDW-1, separately, plant water potential ( ) dropped to -4 and -3.2 MPa, differently, the ATP in roots decreased 99.7% and 42%, respectively . When the rapidly dried soil was watered for up to 6 d, SWC and were found to recover to their normal levels, but ATP content in roots of P. orientalis and A. auriculiformis recovered by 10% and 23%, respectively. When plants of P. orientalis and A. auriculiformis were subjected to slow soil drying, respectively, as SWC was found to decrease from the normal level to 0.1 and 0.13 g·gDW-1, separately, dropped to - 2.5 and - 2 MPa, differently, the ATP content in roots decreased 98% and 38%, respectively. When the slowly dried soil was watered for up to 8 d, ATP levels in roots of P. orientalis and A, auriculiformis recovered by 30% and 24%, respectively. However, ATP concentrations in xylem sap were not directly influenced by either SWC or . The plot dots of xylem sap ATP concentration versus root ATP content were found to be distributed diagonally. It is concluded that ATP in roots is more sensitive in response to SWC changes than that to and root-sourced ATP is a source of that in xylem sap. When plants are subjected to slow soil drying, the ATP levels in both root and xylem sap are higher than that to rapid soil drying.     

三聚磷酸二氢铝二水物的合成和表征

用磷酸和氢氧化铝为原料制备三聚磷酸二氢铝二水物。用X-衍射、红外光谱、化学分析、DTA-TG结合X-ray分析,证明产品的化学结构式为AlH2P3O10*2H2O。其晶体结构属正交晶系,空间群为PZ1/bZ1/aZ/m,D92h,晶胞参数a=15.919×10-8 cm,b=8.884×10-8cm,c=9.936×10-8 cm,单位晶胞体积V=1 405×10-8 cm3,Z=6。防绣性能测试表明其防锈能力与红丹颜料相当。毒理学试验表明该颜料半致死量LD50=18.0 g/kg(小白鼠),属实际无毒级,符合食品容器及儿童玩具涂装的要求。     

Spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of triamcinolone acetonide

0　IntroductionTriamcinoloneAcetonide,9 fluoro 11β,2 1 dihydroxy 16α,17[(1 methylethylidene)bis (oxy) ] pregn 1,4 diene 3,2 0 dione,Mris 4 34.4 8(abr.TA ) .Itbelongstoaclassofadrenalcortexhormonedrug ,whosefunctionsareaffectionofsugarmetabolism ,anti inflammationandresistancehypersusceptibilityetc.TAcanbesuitabletorheumatoidarthritisanddermatosissuchashypersusceptibilityandneuropathicdermatitis .ThefunctionsofTAisstrongerandlongerthantriamcinolone[1 ,2 ] .ThecommonmethodsofdetectingTAm…     

典型地膜残留地区土壤重金属残留测定及其健康风险评价

以典型地膜残留区——河南省开封县郭庄西瓜种植区的土壤和农产品中重金属残留为研究对象,开展了重金属分布和污染状况分析,并对食用西瓜引起的健康风险进行了评价.结果表明：土壤中Cd的含量是国家标准值的3.25倍,处于中度污染级别,且还存在一定程度的Pb污染;由膳食途径所致的健康风险评价中,化学致癌物质Cr的年健康风险值较大,为4.39×10^-3a^-1,高于国际辐射防护委员会（ICRP）推荐的最大可接受风险水平（5.0×10^-5a^-1）.化学致癌重金属的个人年风险占总年风险的87.7%,且与非致癌重金属的个人年风险值相差4个数量级,这表明开封县西瓜中的重金属对人体存在一定的健康风险.     

A matrix version of the Wielandt inequality and its application to statistics

Suppose that A is an n × n positive definite Hemitain matrix. Let X and Y be n × p and n × q matrices (p+ q≤n), such that X* Y = 0. The following inequality is proved X*AY( Y* AY)-Y Y*AX≤( (λ1-λn)/(λ1+λn))2 X*AX, where λ1 and λn are respectively the largest and smallest eigenvalues of A, and M- stands for a generalized inverse of M. This inequality is an extension of the well-known Wielandt inequality in which both X and Y are vectors. The inequality is utilized to obtain some interesting inequalities about covari-ance matrix and various correlation coefficients including the canonical correlation, multiple and simple correlation.