多余观测分量研究

为了对多余观测分量有较深入的了解，本文研究了在工程控制网中多余观测分量的形成过程，导出了多余观测分量与各条件式系数和观测权的关系。     

圆柱空腔内旋转流动涡破裂随Re变化的实验研究

针对旋转封闭圆柱空腔内的轴对称涡破裂现象,设计了可变旋转Ｒｅ实验系统。实验中空腔高径比Ｈ／Ｒ＝１．７８。采用激光相位多普勒测量技术测量了圆柱空腔轴线上轴向速度分量分布随Ｒｅ变化的情况,定量观测和分析了涡破裂现象的发生、发展过程,测量到涡破裂现象出现和消失这两种临界状态２。     

地磁观测中的磁偏角测量误差分析

介绍了磁偏角的测量原理,提出了磁偏角测量过程中的3个主要误差来源,即用CTM-DI磁力仪测量的磁北方向、标志方向的误差及GPS测量的测点与标志间的方位角误差.运用误差传播定律对各方向观测的精度进行分析,并推导了磁偏角测量的中误差计算公式,在此基础上,通过实例分析了目前所进行的地磁3分量测量中磁偏角的观测精度.结合观测实践,对提高磁偏角观测精度给出了几点建议.     

RZB型钻孔应变仪在青藏高原东缘地应力监测中的应用

介绍新一代RZB-3型钻孔应变仪, 及其用于地壳应力应变连续观测的特点。对四川江油地应力监测站RZB-3A型分量式钻孔应变仪观测数据进行了初步分析, 结果表明: 安装于江油地应力监测站的RZB-3A型分量式钻孔应变仪有着较高的分辨率。系统参考元件的数据表明, 观测系统分辨率优于10^-9应变量级, 不仅记录到清晰的固体潮汐, 还记录到宽频带应变地震波。特别地, 由于四分量钻孔应变观测的优越性, 已经获得的数据表明, 该观测系统对台站邻区地壳水平应变场的面应变测量精度较高。因此, 将新型分量式钻孔应变仪应用于青藏高原东缘地应力连续观测, 对于揭示该区域应力场活动与地震的关系有重要意义。     

按不确定度评定原则进行误差教学的尝试

本文介绍测量不确定度表示的意义和简化计算引入教学的一些做法。测量不确定度一般包含若干分量,其中一些分量可用测量列结果的统计分布评定,并以实验标准偏差表征。另外一些分量可用其它方法估计的概率分布评定。两者都可估计标准差,即均为标准不确定度。用不确定度取代过去实验中的标准偏差能更好的评价测量质量。     

利用光泵磁共振测芜湖地区的地磁场

光泵磁共振是利用光抽运效应来研究原子超精细结构塞曼能级间的磁共振．根据光磁共振原理,利用光泵磁共振实验对共振信号进行检测,观测水平磁场和垂直磁场对共振信号的影响．分别通过两种方法测量出地磁场的水平分量和垂直分量,进而将二者合成,得出芜湖地区地磁场强度大小．     

基于小波分解的语音自适应压缩感知

根据语音信号经过小波分解后低频分量和高频分量的特点,提出分别对他们进行自适应压缩感知。首先对信号的低频分量用训练的过完备基进行稀疏分解,降低了稀疏分解过程中的计算量。然后详细描述了改进自适应观测矩阵的产生,以及对低频和高频分量分别进行自适应观测。最后通过OMP重构算法分别对低频和高频分量进行重构,通过小波合成还原出原始信号。实验表明,语音信号在基于小波分解的自适应压缩感知方案中具有良好的重构性能。     

用二维富氏变换进行重磁位场的转换

一、问题的提出在重力和磁法勘探的测量方法中,一般只观测单个分量,例如,航空磁测是测量总磁場(())模量与正常地磁埸(()_0)模量之差,即△T=|()|-|()_0| (实际上是把△T近似地看作总磁場的增量()在正常地磁場()方向上的投影)。而地面磁测除了测定△T外,大多数情况下是测量异常塲的垂直分量Z_a。在重力测量中所观测的是重力异常的垂直分量△g(即重力位的垂向一阶导数V_Z)。因此,目前用于解释的数理方法一般只是用单个分量,这样做虽     

利用光磁共振实验测量地磁场强度

基于光磁共振实验设备,设计了测量地磁场水平分量和垂直分量的实验方法,并实际测量了重庆市北碚区的地磁场强度.     

测量控制网的可靠性

本文讨论了测量控制网的内、外部可靠性和指标,可靠性的一致性和多余观测分量,指出,控制网的最优设计要有合格的精度和可靠性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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