金福菇液体培养条件的优化

采用液体摇瓶培养法,以菌丝体鲜质量为指标从培养温度、起始pH值、摇床转速等方面对金福菇的液体培养条件进行了优化.结果表明,金福菇液体培养适宜的条件为pH值6.0～7.0、培养温度30～32℃、摇床转速160～180 r/min以及250mL三角瓶中装液量100mL.     

重组大肠杆菌发酵生产β-葡聚糖酶工艺条件研究

通过对重组大肠杆菌JM109-pLF3摇瓶发酵生产β-1,3-1,4-葡聚糖酶工艺条件的研究,得出最佳培养条件为:温度39℃,摇床转速150 r/min,培养基装量20 mL/250 mL,培养基初始pH 6.7,种子培养时间16 h,接种量1%.在最佳培养条件下,发酵30 h酶活力达到最大值481.41 U/mL.最优条件下摇瓶恒速补加氮源对酶活的提高贡献较大,且适当提高流加量对促进产酶效果更明显,酶活力可达628.30 U/mL,为初始时的2.1倍.     

茶树菇液体培养条件的研究

经摇瓶实验将茶树菇菌丝体进行液体培养，选出了该菌株最佳工业发酵培养基C，并以单因子实验的形式，经10L发酵罐实验，确定了该菌株的最适工业发酵条件。温度在25℃，pH5．6，转速150r／min，通气量5L/min时，菌丝生长最旺，功丝干重2．5g／100mL，粗多糖含量为1．6g/100mL。     

活性干酵母富硒培养条件的研究

以安琪活性干酵母为出发菌种,分析了培养基初始硒浓度、接种量、装液量、温度、初始pH以及转速等发酵条件对酵母生物量及富硒量的影响,并通过正交试验设计初步确定了培养的最优方案.在最佳的摇瓶培养条件下(初始硒浓度25μg/mL,接种量10%,装液量60/250 mL,温度30℃,初始pH 5.0,摇床转速160 r/min,培养40 h后),该活性干酵母的生物量及富硒量分别达到9.89 g/L、954 μg/g.     

明亮发光杆菌连续培养条件的优化

为克服市售冻干粉批次间活性差异较大、检测前需复苏等缺点,对明亮发光杆菌从摇瓶到发酵罐进行逐级放大培养,探索其在发酵罐上的最适连续培养条件,获得连续稳定的发光细菌检测液。在摇瓶条件下得到的最适培养条件为:温度18℃,初始pH=7.0,转速200r/min,接种量2%。在此条件下,菌体最大比发光度可达2 500mV。在5L发酵罐中的最适培养条件为:转速200r/min,通气量0.5vvm,稀释率0.10h-1。在此条件下,对明亮发光杆菌进行多批连续培养,菌体比发光度可稳定在500~1 000mV,可连续培养10d左右。     

枯草芽孢杆菌工程菌产耐酸性高温α-淀粉酶发酵条件的优化

利用基因工程手段获得的产耐酸性高温α-淀粉酶基因枯草芽孢杆菌工程菌株pWB-amyd/WB600,通过单因素筛选及正交实验进行发酵培养基优化,得到的最佳配方为(g/L):玉米粉20,蛋白胨30,CaCl20.5,Na2HPO48.同时对实验室摇瓶条件下液体发酵的主要影响因素初始pH、接种量、装液量、转速、温度等进行探讨,确定了最佳培养条件:37,℃、pH 6.5、200,r/min摇床培养36,h,接种量为2%,装液量为30,mL/250,mL.在此优化条件下,耐酸性高温α-淀粉酶活力达到3,980,U/mL,是未优化条件下的2.1倍.     

兰花炭疽病拮抗细菌Bacillus megaterium 1-12菌株的产芽孢条件优化

为了提高兰花炭疽病拮抗菌巨大芽孢杆菌(Bacillus megaterium)1-12菌株的芽孢形成率及芽孢数量,在摇瓶发酵基础上对芽孢形成的主要影响因素进行了考察.通过单因素实验和正交实验对1-12菌株产芽孢条件进行了分析,确定了摇瓶发酵最佳条件:培养基组成(质量分数)为玉米粉1%,大豆蛋白胨1%,CaCl2·2H2O·"0.1%,MnSO4·H2O 0.05%;培养液初始pH 6.0;培养条件为种龄20 h,装瓶量30 mL/250 mL,接种量8%,温度30 ℃,摇瓶转速200 r/min.在此条件下,B. megaterium 1-12菌株发酵液中的芽孢数量为1.92×109个mL-1,芽孢形成率达到了95%.     

黔产紫陀螺菌深层发酵条件的优化及成分分析

采用摇瓶培养法对紫陀螺菌(Gomphus purpuraceus)适宜的发酵碳源和氮源、发酵条件进行了分析研究,结果表明:最适宜的碳源、氮源分别是葡萄糖和牛肉膏;最优发酵条件的初始pH5.4~6.2,振荡速度145r/min,培养温度26℃,100mL三角瓶装液量50mL。此外,还测定了紫陀螺菌深层培养菌丝体中蛋白质成分中的氨基酸种类。     

产纤维素酶地衣芽孢杆菌B.LY02摇瓶发酵条件优化

为了提高产纤维素酶地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis LY02,B.LY02)的产酶能力,采用单因素试验对该菌株产酶的摇瓶发酵条件进行了优化。优化结果显示:菌株B.LY02发酵培养基的最适碳源为麦芽糖,氮源为酵母膏,初始pH值为5.0,培养温度为37℃,培养时间为30 h,装液量为60 mL(250 m L三角瓶),接种量(体积分数)为2%,摇床转速180~200 r/min。通过优化发酵条件,菌株B.LY02的产酶活性达到了0.683 5 U/mL,比优化前提高了约27.73%。     

茶薪菇液体发酵条件的研究

采用液体摇瓶培养法,对茶薪菇液体发酵的培养基pH、最适温度、摇瓶装量、摇瓶转速及不同液体培养基配方进行了探讨,结果表明,茶薪菇液体发酵的培养基初始pH为6.0-6.5,最适温度为25℃,摇瓶装量为50-70ml/250ml三角瓶,摇瓶转速为120-150rpm,最适培养基配方为以麸皮为主要成分的培养基。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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