HPLC法同时测定小花鬼针草中3种黄酮类成分含量

建立了HPLC法同时测定小花鬼针草中芦丁、金丝桃苷和槲皮苷含量的方法。采用Diamonsil C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-0.2%冰醋酸梯度洗脱,流速为1 mL/min;检测波长为360 nm。结果表明,芦丁、金丝桃苷和槲皮苷在0.50~12.50μg/mL(r=0.999 9)、0.49~12.35μg/mL(r=0.999 8)、0.42~10.55μg/mL(r=0.999 5)范围内线性良好,平均回收率为99.37%(RSD=0.56%)、99.35%(RSD=0.57%)、99.68%(RSD=0.56%)。该方法简便、准确、重现性好,可用于同时测定鬼针草中3种黄酮成分的含量。     

高效液相色谱法测定贝那普利氢氯噻嗪片的溶出度

采用篮法,以0.1mol/L盐酸为溶出介质,温度37±0.5℃,转速100r/min,取样时间为30min;采用C18(250×4.6mm,5μm)色谱柱,以四氢呋喃-水-冰醋酸(25∶75∶0.4)为流动相,流速1.0 mL/min,柱温25℃,建立反相高效液相色谱法同时测定贝那普利、氢氯噻嗪的溶出度。结果表明,氢氯噻嗪和贝那普利的线性范围分别为0.999 2~14.99μg/mL(r=0.999 7)和0.798 4~9.581μg/mL(r=0.999 6),平均回收率分别为99.9%和100.2%。方法简便、准确,专属性强,可有效测定贝那普利氢氯噻嗪片的溶出度。     

HPLC同时测定广地龙中5种核苷类成分含量

建立同时测定广地龙中5种核苷类成分含量的HPLC法。采用Diamonsil C_(18)色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-水(5∶95,体积比)等度洗脱,流速1.0 mL/min,检测波长254 nm,柱温30℃,测定了广地龙药材中5种核苷类成分的含量。结果表明:尿嘧啶、次黄嘌呤、尿苷、肌苷、鸟苷分别在14.84～111.30 ng(r=0.999 9)、126.00～945.00 ng(r=0.999 8)、63.60～477.00 ng(r=0.999 9)、612.00～4 590.00 ng(r=0.999 8)、41.60～312.00 ng(r=0.999 9)线性关系良好,平均加样回收率(n=9)分别为99.27%、99.14%、98.59%、98.69%、99.91%,RSD(n=9)分别为0.95%、0.86%、1.01%、0.86%、1.91%;20批广地龙中尿嘧啶、次黄嘌呤、尿苷、肌苷、鸟苷含量分别为0.051 0～0.111 0、0.243 1～0.943 6、0.171 9～0.508 0、1.559 6～3.861 1、0.165 5～0.250 1 mg/g,5种总核苷含量为3.309 9～4.565 9 mg/g。该方法简便、可靠、重复性好、精密度高,可用于同时测定广地龙中5种核苷类成分的含量。     

RP-HPLC法测定心肌安颗粒中绿原酸和芍药苷

建立RP-HPLC同时测定心肌安颗粒剂中含绿原酸、芍药苷两种有效成分的方法.采用Dia-monsil C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以乙腈-0.2%磷酸水为流动相梯度洗脱,流速1.0mL/min,柱温35℃,检测波长230 nm.绿原酸和芍药苷质量浓度分别在20～120μg/mL(r=0.999 9)和30～180μg/mL(r=0.999 8)范围内与峰面积线性关系良好,绿原酸和芍药苷平均加样回收率(n=6)分别为99.38%(RSD=0.96%)和99.91%(RSD=0.82%).三批制剂测定结果显示,含绿原酸量为10.36 mg/g(RSD=0.73%),含芍药苷量为8.18 mg/g(RSD=0.58%).本方法快速、准确,重复性好,可用于同时测定心肌安颗粒剂中绿原酸和含芍药苷的量.     

变波长HPLC法测定线叶菊中圣草酚和芹菜素的含量

建立变波长HPLC法测定线叶菊药材中圣草酚和芹菜素的含量。采用超声法以甲醇提取药材,以高效液相色谱法测定圣草酚和芹菜素的含量。色谱柱为AlltimaTM C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相以乙腈-水梯度洗脱,流速为1.0 mL/min,变波长检测(0-58 min为290 nm,检测圣草酚; 58-100 min为340 nm,检测芹菜素),柱温为30℃,进样量为20μL。圣草酚和芹菜素的进样量线性范围分别为0.090～0.540μg(r=0.999 8)和0.046～0.276μg(r=0.999 9);检测限分别为0.12μg/mL和0.35μg/mL,定量限分别为0.36μg/mL和1.13μg/mL;精密度、稳定性、重复性试验的RSD均小于3%;加样回收率分别为96.67%～102.95%(RSD=2.40%,n=6)和96.73%～99.36%(RSD=1.00%,n=6)。该方法简便可行,重复性好,可用于测定线叶菊中圣草酚和芹菜素的含量。     

HPLC测定药品中多贝斯的含量

采用hypersil ODS-C18色谱柱(150×4.6 mm,5μm);以甲醇-水=70:30(V/V)为流动相,流速为1.0 mL/min,柱温为室温,检测波长为301 nm,外标法测定了多贝斯胶囊中多贝斯的含量.多贝斯在1～60μg/mL浓度范围内,峰面积(A)与浓度(C)呈现出良好的线性关系,回归方程为A=-3 019.9 7 127.9 C(μg/mL)(r=0.999 6),此方法的最低检出限为0.1μg/mL.多贝斯在水溶液和尿液中的回收率分别在97.20%～101.0%和97.90%～101.5%之间,重现性良好.本法准确、简单、快速,可应用于药物制剂中多贝斯的质量监控.     

HPLC法测定不同产地生姜中姜酚类成分的含量

采用HPLC法测定不同产地生姜中姜酚类成分的含量,采用Agilent ZORBAX-SB C_(18)色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以乙腈-0.1%甲酸溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL/min,柱温35℃,检测波长282 nm,用标准曲线法分别对6-姜辣素、8-姜酚和10-姜酚定量.结果显示,6-姜辣素、8-姜酚和10-姜酚分别在1.005~100.5μg/mL(r=1)、1.001~100.1μg/mL(r=0.999 9)和0.996 5~99.65μg/mL(r=0.999 9)范围内线性关系良好;平均回收率(n=6)分别为99.31%(RSD 1.26%)、98.69%(RSD 1.48%)、98.55%(RSD 1.44%).测定的14批不同产地的生姜及不同部位,6-姜辣素、8-姜酚和10-姜酚含量存在一定的差异.由此认为所建立的方法准确、可靠、重现性好,能快速有效地测定生姜及不同部位的含量.     

环糊精诺氟沙星片剂的制备及溶出度考察

采用正交实验优化诺氟沙星片剂的制备条件,获得最佳处方:淀粉为填充剂,质量分数为5%的羧甲基淀粉钠(CMS-Na)为崩解剂,1%的滑石粉为润滑剂,10%的淀粉浆为黏合剂.为增大诺氟沙星药物的溶出,采用研磨法制备β-环糊精诺氟沙星包合物,经湿法制粒压片工艺制备环糊精诺氟沙星片剂.环糊精诺氟沙星片的片重差异、脆碎度和崩解时限均符合2010版中国药典要求,其中诺氟沙星的溶出度得到有效改善,解决了诺氟沙星片剂对照组的主药溶出度低的问题.采用优化处方和制备工艺,制备环糊精诺氟沙星片,可改善难溶性诺氟沙星药物的溶出度且工艺简单易行.     

HPLC测定荞芪胶囊中格列苯脲的含量

采用高效液相色谱法测定荞芪胶囊中格列苯脲的含量.该法采用Agilent C18柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-磷酸二氢铵溶液(磷酸二氢铵1.725g,加水300 mL溶解,用磷酸调节PH值至3.5±0.5)(62:38),检测波长230 nm,柱温为20℃.得到格列苯脲在(0.03～0.35) mg/mL范围内呈较好的线性关系(r =0.999 4, n=6) ,荞芪降糖胶囊和格列苯脲片的平均加样回收率分别为99.3%和100.2%,RSD分别为2.1%和1.7%.得到以下结论:荞芪降糖胶囊中格列苯脲的含量为1.54 mg/粒.该测定方法简便快捷,能够为糖尿病患者安全使用中成药制剂提供依据.     

HPLC法测定克糖片剂中的槲皮素

测定克糖片剂中槲皮素的质量比.采用高效液相色谱法,Hypersil C18柱,流动相为甲醇-0.3%磷酸(60∶40,V∶V),流速为1.0 mL/min,柱温为室温,柱长为250 mm,检测波长为360 nm.槲皮素的线性范围为0.2~1.0μg(r=0.999 9),槲皮素的平均加样回收率为99.57%(RSD为0.51%).最终计算得出平均含槲皮素0.052 7 mg/片,RSD为0.48%.本方法可简便快捷的测得克糖片剂中槲皮素的质量比.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-