谐振式SAW压力传感器敏感元件研究与设计

量程和温度特性是传感器的两个主要指标,SAW压力传感器的量程由基片材料的结构尺寸决定,温度效应一般采用双端对谐振器来消除,目前关于两个谐振器的位置确定还没有一个确定的方法。通过力学分析得出了圆形石英膜片的半径、厚度、和最大载荷的关系;对石英圆形膜片的应力应变关系进行了有限元数值计算,得出了正负应力在圆形石英膜片的分界点,为设计SAW谐振式压力传感器的物理结构和合理的安排谐振器的位置提供了依据。     

双环测力传感器弹性元件的有限元分析

本文介绍用有限元分析双环测力传感器的弹性元件应力应变分布，得到对该传感器设计有指导意义的结论。     

六辊轧机辊间压力的计算

应用K．N．Shohet的影响函数法和弹性基础梁模型计算了六辊轧机的辊间压力随中间辊的抽动时的变化规律，并用三维光弹性应力分析法进行了实验论证，从而为六辊轧机确定合理的工艺制度奠定了基础。     

基于杠杆原理的高灵敏度光纤光栅压力传感器实验

目的为更好地扩大光纤光栅压力传感器的适用范围,设计一种基于拉伸铝片的新型高灵敏度光纤光栅压力传感器.方法应用杠杆原理实现力的增敏,并改变力的方向,使光纤光栅受力增大,从而提高压力传感器的灵敏度及线性度.通过有限元模拟仿真,将实验结果与模拟结果进行对比分析.结果新型压力传感器的灵敏度实验结果与模拟结果相近,实测拉力灵敏度为2.239×10~(-6)nm/Pa,比裸光纤增敏了730倍,其线性度为"0.99".同时通过改变杠杆的比例、材料截面、形式等因素,可以使传感器适应更多的环境需求.结论笔者设计的光纤光栅压力传感器线性度好,灵敏度高,可以满足工程实用性.     

径向非均布压力分布对湿式摩擦副热-机耦合影响

采用有限元模拟和实验的方法，对比分析了5种不同的径向非均布压力分布方式对湿式摩擦副工作过程中热机耦合的作用.结果表明:在加载同种径向压力作用下，对偶钢片的温度场、应力场和应变场三者之间存在较强的耦合关系；在工作终态时，温度、应力和应变场环带的径向位置和各物理量的最值较原加载压力峰值位置向盘面中心方向移动，环带径向位置变化率为盘面宽度的10%~40%；径向压力分布方式对于摩擦副的温度，应力和应变的最值有直接关系，压力沿内外半径波峰式分布时温度、应变最值最大，压力由内径至外径线性减小时应力最值最大，压力沿内径向外径波谷式时变化则是温度、应力和应变最值最小.      

微压传感器

采用特殊形状的腰形管作为弹性元件,可制成敏感的微压传感器.腰形管由四块不同曲率的曲板组成,在承受压力后,表面有拉应变区和压应变区,在最大应变处粘特制的应变片,即可组成高灵敏度的微压传感器.它性能稳定,灵敏度高,采用了多种新技术,如激光封焊、钛合金弹性元件等.其量程为     

单管塔疲劳效应的时域分析

目前通信塔正由角钢塔向单管塔转型 ,但单管塔的加工工艺使其焊缝疲劳问题非常突出 .据此 ,对设计中通常选用的 4 0m高单管塔进行了疲劳分析 .其中 ,采用线性滤波器法进行了风荷载的时程模拟 ,建立了悬臂梁有限元模型 ,由有限元法计算应力最大焊缝处在各种风速下的应力时程 ,结合风玫瑰图、风速分布的Weibull曲线确定各应力时程的分布情况 .由S—N曲线进行焊缝疲劳分析 ,根据Miner准则得到线性疲劳寿命 .最后 ,结合实际焊接工艺 ,给出了提高单管塔疲劳寿命的构造措施     

考虑应力集中的吊车梁多轴疲劳寿命预测

钢结构吊车梁在工业建筑中被广泛应用,应力集中的存在导致几何不连续位置在复杂应力下服役.借助有限元法分析吊车梁应力-应变状态,确定危险点位置,并提取应力、应变分量;以应变能密度作为损伤参量并以最大平面为临界面,基于能量准则建立临界面位置数值计算方法,结合有限元结果给出吊车梁临界面位置;考虑吊车梁在非对称载荷下服役,借助Goodman方程进行平均应力修正,并结合Q355D钢近似S-N曲线计算疲劳寿命.该方法考虑了应力集中处多轴应力对疲劳损伤的影响,可以为复杂应力下几何不连续钢构件的疲劳寿命评估提供新方法.     

混凝土泵车臂架结构健康监测传感器优化布置

为实现混凝土泵车臂架类柔性多体结构健康监测的应变传感器优化布置,首先,利用各待选测点应变信号的相关系数构建了模糊支持度矩阵,计算了各待选测点的综合支持度;然后,将待选测点应力水平、传感器安装难易程度、测点安全性、应力梯度等因素进行了分级及标准量化;接着,利用层次分析法确定了各个因素的权重关系;最后,利用综合评价法对待选测点进行优化,确定了健康监测测点的最优位置.文中还以某四节臂架泵车为例,选择4种工况分别对其应变传感器的布置进行了优化,结果证明了该综合评价方法的稳定性和可行性.     

柔性结构疲劳寿命的预测方法

讨论柔性构架结构疲劳寿命的预测方法,建立刚柔耦合多体动力学模型,计算结构危险点的动载荷时间历程;利用有限元准静态分析法,获得应力影响因子;利用模态分析技术获得结构固有频率和模态振型,确定结构的危险点位置.基于危险应力分布的动载荷历程,结合材料特性曲线以及线性损伤理论,进行标准时域的柔性结构应力应变的循环计数,损伤预测和寿命估计.应用该方法对构架结构进行疲劳寿命预测,结果表明,该预测方法预测精度有效,可以有效提高结构耐久性设计质量.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.