我国海洋渔业管理中投入控制的灰色关联评价

用灰色关联分析方法对我国海洋渔业管理中投入控制制度进行了评价.结果表明,在分析的主要四个因素中,机动渔船总动力和机动渔船总吨位这两个因素对海洋捕捞产量的影响较大,关系密切,以下依次为捕捞专业劳动力和海洋捕捞机动渔船数.据此,提出我国海洋渔业管理要适当改变或增加相关因素的投入控制的建议.     

福建近海渔业资源生产量和最大可持续开发量

根据2000～2001年福建近海渔业资源的现场调查和检测结果,并结合福建近海多年海洋科学调查研究所获得的初级生产力资料,应用生态系统营养动力学模型估算渔业资源(包括鱼类、甲壳类和头足类)生产量和最大可持续开发量.研究结果表明:营养动态模型和Cushing模型估算福建近海渔业资源生产量分别为267.91×104和294.58×104 t,平均为281.25×104 t.Cadima模式估算的最大可持续开发量为164.46×104 t,而1994年以来福建近海实际年渔获量在179.81×104～239.39×104 t,已连续10年超过了渔业资源的最大可持续开发量;投入的捕捞力量也已连续10年超过剩余产量模式估箅的最大可持续捕捞力量,呈现渔获量和捕捞力量"双超"的局面.     

广东省海洋捕捞业可持续发展研究

近年来广东省"三渔"问题越来越严重。根据2008年和2011年对广东省海洋捕捞渔民调查结果分析来看,广东省海洋捕捞业受制于捕捞技术滞后、捕捞强度过大、捕捞成本提高、基础设施落后、产业化水平低、从业人员文化程度低、现代金融业欠发达等因素。应通过金融贷款、财政补贴等方式支持渔民购买大船,改进渔港等基础设施,提高渔业产业化水平,发展休闲渔业等措施,保证广东省海洋捕捞业的可持续发展。     

对浙江海洋捕捞业发展的探讨

浙江是我国海洋捕捞业最发达的省份之一，回顾近五十年的发展历程，大致可分为四个阶段，海洋捕捞的产量经历了两次大幅度的提高，但在这个过程中也曾发生过较大的波动，在分析这些情况后作者提出当前我省海洋捕捞中的问题和对策     

应用体长股分析法估算东海区日本鲭资源量

根据浙江省海洋水产研究所2004-2005年对浙江群众近海灯光围网和外海机轮围网作业生产的监测调查数据,结合渔业统计资料,用体长股分析法对东海区日本鲭的资源量进行了估算。结果表明:日本鲭的自然死亡系数M=0.295,捕捞死亡系数F=1.6;东海区日本鲭的平均资源尾数为31.73×108 ind,折合资源重量为18.27×104 t,最大持续产量(MSY)为12.27×104 t;初始(最大)资源量为70.87×108 ind,折合资源重量为40.81×104 t。     

东海区鲳鱼、小黄鱼资源量及其持续渔获量的估算

根据1996-2009年对浙江海洋捕捞作业方式的调查监测数据及生物学取样和测定数据,结合渔业统计资料,运用体长股分析法(LCA,Length based Cohort Analysis)和最大持续渔获量模型(Schaefer模型和Fox模型),分别对银鲳的资源量和小黄鱼的最大持续渔获量(MSY)进行估算.计算结果为:2005-2006东海区银鲳的平均资源量(扣除叉长130 mm以下幼鱼)为1 374.77×106尾、19.38×104 t,初始资源量(最大资源量)为2 609.20×106尾、36.79×104 t,最大持续渔获量为14.4×104t.以1996-2009年帆张网和2001-2009年双拖网的监测资料,按Schaefer模型和Fox模型分别估算的东海区小黄鱼最大持续渔获量(MSY)为12.96×104～14.08×104 t(平均13.35×104 t).     

无冰保鲜技术

渔业为我国主要产业之一,而近年来由于大幅度的狂捞烂捕和愈演愈烈的环境污染,海洋资源临近枯竭,尤其是近海资源已濒临绝境,渔场外移,船已加大马力向远洋进军,渔船航次捕捞时间的延长及国内国际性捕捞业的合作开发使延长保鲜水产品期     

美国红鱼的养殖与危害

海洋为人类提供了重要的食物资源,现在全球来自海洋的食物每年大约有8千万吨,其中80％是用捕捞的方式获得的.由于长期的过度捕捞,近海渔业资源严重衰退,导致近海捕捞生产严重萎缩.据联合国粮农组织的报告,全世界已有60％的经济鱼类呈现资源衰退或枯竭之势.而远洋捕捞劳民伤财且发展缓慢,因此人类希望从海洋“狩猎”向“畜牧”过渡,发展海洋养殖业,满足人们对海洋食物的需求.我国也不例外,从20世纪50年代开始,我国海洋养殖业历经了3次海产品养殖浪潮,分别以海带、中国对虾和海湾扇贝为代表.但是,海洋水产品的主体——鱼类——的相关养殖一直没有真正发展起来.根本原因在于海水鱼类的养殖难度大,育苗和鱼病等诸多问题阻碍了海水鱼类养殖的发展.因此学者们希望在这些技术上有所突破,由此掀起海水养殖的第四次浪潮.     

浙江海洋渔业可持续发展对策探讨

ONTHECOUNTERMEASURESFORASUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENTOFMARINEFISHERYOFZHEJIANGPROVINCEZhuHang(ZhejiangProvinceFisheriesBureau,Hangzhou310007)浙江省是全国海洋渔业大省。最近五年来，全省渔业一直呈持续、快速发展的势头。具体表现在：一是水产品总产量翻了一番多。从1992年的169、75万t，增长到1997年的377．6万t，增长122．46％。其中海洋捕捞水产品产量从1992年的122．86万t，增长到1997年的293．04万t，增长138．52％，继续在全国保持领先。海水养殖水产品产量从1992年的门．34万t，增长到1997…     

基于AE的拉市海保护区NPP估算及影响因子分析

利用CASA模型,基于.Net开发环境和ArcEngine开发平台,实现拉市海自然保护区2010年植被净初级生产力估算,对估算结果作时间、空间分布规律分析以及对影响NPP的气象因子做回归分析.得到2010年拉市海保护区各植被类型的年均NPP为:林地2 540.61 gC·m-2·a-1,耕地1 198.08gC·m-2·a-1,草地1 232.77 gC·m-2·a-1,建设用地379.819 gC·m-2·a-1,园地1 521.62 gC·m-2·a-1,水域285.24 gC·m-2·a-1;全年林地NPP总量为43.131×104t,耕地4.797×104t,草地1.904×104t,建设用地0.394×104t,园地1.143×104t,水域0.542×104t;分析结果表明:NPP时间分布规律和降水、气温数据变化基本一致,空间分布上和植被类型分布一致,该年内对NPP影响最大的气象因子为降水,其次是温度,日照百分率对其影响不大.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.