Direct relationship between urinary prostaglandin E and sodium excretion in essential hypertensive patients

Summary Urinary prostaglandins (PGEs and PGFs), sodium and potassium were measured in 17 essentially hypertensive patients. Significant positive correlations were found between a) PGEs secreted in 24 h and sodium excreted in 24 h, b) the ratio PGEs/U_NaV before and PGEs/U_NaV after volume expansion and c) the ratio Na/K and urinary PGEs. It was suggested that renal PGEs, potent natriuretic and diuretic substances, play an important homeostatic role in the extracellular fluid regulation, and consequently in long-term control of the arterial blood pressure.     

High potassium intake increases the plasma concentration and urinary excretion of vasopressin in the rat

The effect of alterations of dietary potassium intake on the plasma concentration and the urinary excretion of vasopressin was studied in male rats. Ingestion of a high potassium diet resulted in increases in the plasma concentrations of potassium and vasopressin, systolic blood pressure, urine flow, and urinary vasopressin excretion. Ingestion of a low potassium diet had little effect on the plasma vasopressin concentration and systolic blood pressure but caused decreases in the plasma potassium concentration and urinary vasopressin excretion. The results indicate that physiological changes in the plasma potassium concentration or some other consequence of altered dietary potassium intake can affect vasopressin release and excretion.     

High potassium intake increases the plasma concentration and urinary excretion of vasopressin in the rat

Summary The effect of alterations of dietary potassium intake on the plasma concentration and the urinary excretion of vasopressin was studied in male rats. Ingestion of a high potassium diet resulted in increases in the plasma concentrations of potassium and vasopressin, systolic blood pressure, urine flow, and urinary vasopressin excretion. Ingestion of a low potassium diet had little effect on the plasma vasopressin concentration and systolic blood pressure but caused decreases in the plasma potassium concentration and urinary vasopressin excretion. The results indicate that physiological changes in the plasma potassium concentration or some other consequence of altered dietary potassium intake can affect vasopressin release and excretion.     

Age-related differences in the urinary excretion of prostaglandin F2 alpha catabolites in the rat

Tritium-labeled PGF2 alpha was administered i.v. into rats of varying ages (2, 4, 6 weeks and adult). Urine was collected and assayed for radioactive products by thin-layer-chromatography. Results showed a distinctly different urinary profile between the 2-week-old and the adult rat. While the urinary pattern from the 2-week-old rat gave a single less polar product than PGF2 alpha, the pattern from the adult rat gave products more polar than PGF2 alpha. Urine from the 4- and 6-week-old rats gave a mixture of these types of products. These results indicate that some prostaglandin catabolic pathway (likely the omega-oxidative system) is activated in vivo within the 4-6 week postnatal period in the rat.     

Reduced excretion of urinary procoagulant in uremic patients

Zusammenfassung Ein hochaktiver, gerinnungsfördernder Faktor wird normalerweise im menschlichen Urin ausgeschieden. Die Ausscheidung ist quantitativ bei gesunden Erwachsenen altersabhängig und bei Urämie wesentlich vermindert.     

The effect of exogenous conjugated bilirubin on the urinary excretion of unconjugated14C-bilirubin by the Gunn rat

Resumen La inyección de bilirrubina conjugada a ratas Gunn con ligadura coledociana, produce un aumento de la excreción urinaria de bilirrubina C¹⁴ exógena o de la endógena sintetizada a partir de la inyección de ALA-C¹⁴ en dichos animales. Dicho aumento fue probado por la cristalización de la bilirrubina radioactiva de muestras de orina y por la radioactividad presente en el azopigmento A separado por cromatografía sobre papel. El aumento de pigmento I, demostrado en el suero por partitión química y en la orina por columna cromatográfica de fase inversa, permiten suponer la formación de un complejo de bilirrubina no conjugada radioactiva y de bilirrubina conjugada, como mecanismo del pasaje mencionado.

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This work was supported by grants from the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, República Argentina, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md., USA and Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social de la Provincia de Santa Fe, República Argentina.     

Cadmium influence on the excretion of sodium by kidneys

Zusammenfassung Spurenmengen von Cadmium, die Ratten während 16 Monaten im Trinkwasser verabreicht wurden, reduzieren bei einer einmaligen Kochsalzbelastung signifikant die Konzentration der Natriumionen im Harn.     

Relationship between the renal kallikrein activity and the urinary excretion of kallikrein in rats

Summary Adrenalectomy reduces, and sodium depletion increases, both the daily urinary excretion of kallikrein and the kallikrein activity in the renal cortex. These 2 variables were found to correlate significantly in normal, sodium depleted and adrenalectomized rats, thus supporting the view that kallikrein excretion reflects the activity of the enzyme in the kidney.Acknowledgments. This word was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. The technical assistance of Mrs G. Breypohl and Ms J. Kopatsch is gratefully acknowledged. Dr M. Marin-Grez was a fellow of the Alexander von Humbodt Foundation and Dr G. Bönner of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.     

Effect of pH on active sodium excretion

Zusammenfassung Die aktive Na-Ausscheidung Nareicher quergestreifter Muskeln konnte durch eine mässige Steigerung der Wasserstoffionekonzentration gehemmt werden. Obgleich der intensivere Kohlehydratstoffwechsel an und für sich die Na-Abgabe steigert, wurde dieser Effekt durch die Herabsetzung des pH unterdrückt.

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On leave from Department of Urology, University of Medicine, Budapest (Hungary).     

Plasma disappearance and urinary excretion of reserpine (serpasil) in the unanesthetized dog

Résumé La réserpine administrée par voie intraveineuse chez le chien à dose de 1,5 mg/kg de poids du corps disparaît rapidement du sang artériel. Les quantités de réserpine retrouvées sont de 1,5 µg/ml au bout de 90 s. Il n'y a pas de corrélation entre les quantités de réserpine contenues dans le sang et le début ou la durée de la sédation produite. Au bout de 48 h, moins de 2% de la dose injectée est retrouvée dans l'urine. Etant donné la rapidité avec laquelle la drogue disparaît dans du sang, on ne s'explique pas l'hypersensibilité du chien à son égard. L'excrétion rénale négligeable de la drogue chez le chien ne permet pas d'espérer que des études de clairance rénale éclaircissent le mécanisme d'action de la réserpine chez cet animal.

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Agrant for this study and the reserpine (serpasil ®) used in these experiments, were generously given by CIBA Pharmaceutical Products, Inc., Summit, New Jersey.     

Labelling and kinetics of body excretion of131I-iodothiazide

Zusammenfassung Die Markiermethode des Jodthiazids mit radioaktivem¹³¹I-Jod sowie Verteilungs- und Ausscheidungseigenarten im Menschen werden beschrieben. Es ergibt sich, dass die durch «profile scans», Nephrogramm und Clearance-Werte bestimmte Geschwindigkeit der Jodthiazidausscheidung höher als diejenige von Inulin und niedriger als diejenige des¹²⁵I-Hippurans ist.

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This study was supported by Euratom Association Contract 026-63-4-BIAC.