仿生表面微结构减阻优化及机理研究综述

介绍了自然界中几种较为典型的非光滑结构表面生物,阐明了合理表面微结构可以改变近壁区湍流结构的规律,针对表面微结构的类型、减阻研究实例、减阻机理和减阻应用等4个方面进行了评述,提出了沟槽扩展类型,并指出减阻机理研究应拓展至复杂形态结构。分析表明:微结构类型对减阻效果有较大影响,减阻优化及其机理研究是仿生表面微结构减阻工作的重点,仿生表面微结构减阻优化可进一步提高节能降耗的效率,在飞行器、高速列车、汽车等工程领域具有广泛的应用前景。

Review of mechanical research and aerodynamic drag reduction of bionic surface micro-structures

Some typical living creatures with a non-smooth surface in nature are introduced. The law of the fact that an appropriate micro-structure surface can transform the turbulent structure of near-wall region is briefly stated. The research status of the type of micro-structure surface, the drag reduction of micro-structure surface, the mechanism of drag reduction of micro-structure surface and its application so far are commented. The extended types of grooves are proposed, and it is suggested that the current research on drag reduction should be extended for structures with complex shapes. The analysis indicates that the types of bionic micro-structure surfaces have great effect on drag reduction, the mechanical research and aerodynamic drag reduction are focal points of the bionic micro-structure surface drag reduction technology, which can further improve the efficiency of energy conservation and reduce consumption, and has a great prospect in engineering fields such as aircraft, high-speed trains, cars, etc.