西川满《地狱的谷底》的遣返书写与台湾记忆 ——基于文化记忆视阈的分析

作为日本战后最早涉及台湾遣返体验与殖民地记忆的文学作品之一，日本作家西川满创作的《地狱的谷底》以生命体验与身份认同为遣返书写的两大主题，以女性不断耗散的生命体验展现遣返者作为受害者的“悲剧”，通过持续破灭的身份认同呈现遭遇巨大失败、丧失文明、内部撕裂犹如“地狱的谷底”般的日本，在此基础上进一步将台湾“记忆化”为“故乡”式的存在。西川遣返书写的最大逻辑悖论在于其构筑的“遣返者=受害者”“战后日本=地狱”的意识形态，其台湾记忆最大的情感陷阱就是通过“美化”和“忘却”的记忆重构了“事实”、代替了“事实”，这种记忆成为日本战后民族文化记忆的一部分，影响了战后日本人关于殖民和战争的认识，需要进行批判和厘清。

Repatriation and Taiwan Memory in At the Bottom of Hell by Nishikawa Mitsuru: A Cultural Memory Study

As one of the earliest works related to Taiwan repatriation experience and colonial memory,the literary work At the Bottom of Hell by Japanese writer Nishikawa Mitsuru,explores life experience and identity,showing the “tragedy” of repatriates as victims with the females constantly dissipated life experience,and presenting the great failure,loss of civilization and internal tearing of the postwar Japan at the very “bottom of hell” through the disillusionment of Japanese in their continuous failure in meeting their identity goals.On this basis,Taiwan is memorized all the more as a “homeland” to them.The greatest logical paradox of it,however,lies in the concepts of “the victims of repatriates ” and “the hell like postwar Japan”,and its biggest emotional trap in his Taiwan memory lies in his attempt to cover or replace facts by beautiful yet false memory and oblivion.This kind of memory becomes part of the national cultural memory of the postwar Japan influencing the Japanese peoples understanding of colonization and war.It needs criticism and clarification.