中原城市群重点城市首要污染物日变化特征及成因分析

中原城市群重点城市是我国大气污染较为严重的区域之一。利用2017年河南省各地市环保局国控站点和地面监测站提供的首要污染物浓度和气象要素24h连续监测数据,分析得到2017年首要污染物占比和首要污染物浓度的日变化特征,采用相关分析法和主成分回归分析法得到各首要污染物之间的相关性及气象因子对首要污染物的影响。结果表明,2017年中原城市群重点城市首要污染物主要由PM2.5、PM10和O3组成；一天中,PM2.5呈双峰变化,主峰值出现在8:00-9:00,次峰值出现在22:00,谷值出现在下午16:00；PM10小时浓度呈三峰变化,主峰值出现在9:00,次峰值出现在1:00和21:00左右,主谷值出现在15:00,次谷值出现在0:00和5:00；O3小时浓度呈单峰变化,峰值出现在15:00,谷值出现在7:00左右；PM2.5在低温、高压、中等偏高的湿度、较弱风的条件下利于积累,PM10在低温、高压、中等偏高的湿度、较弱风的条件下易于积累,O3在高温、低压、中等偏低的湿度、强风的条件下易于生成与积累；对PM2.5、PM10浓度影响最大的两个气象因子是气温和气压,对O3浓度影响最大的两个气象因子是风速和气温。

Diurnal Variation Characteristics of Primary Pollutants in the Key Cities in Central Plains Urban Agglomeration and Meteorological Factors Analysis

The key cities in Central Plains Urban Agglomeration is one of the areas suffering more seriously from air pollution. Based on 24h continuous observation data of primary pollutants concentration provided by the state controlling air sampling sites and the ground-based monitoring sites in the cities of Henan Province, the proportion and the diurnal variation characteristics of primary pollutants in 2017 were explored. Use the correlation analysis and principal component regression to examine the correlation between each primary pollutants and the influence of meteorological factors on primary pollutants. The results showed that the primary pollutants are composed of PM2.5, PM10 and O3 in 2017. In a day, PM2.5 variation was a double peak distribution, PM10 was a triple peak pattern, and O3 variation was a single peak distribution. PM2.5 under the condition of low temperature, high pressure, high humidity, weak wind has the advantage of accumulation. PM10 under the condition of mid temperature, high pressure, higher humidity, weak wind had the advantage of accumulation. O3 under the condition of high temperature, low pressure, low humidity, strong wind had the advantage of formation and accumulation. The meteorological factors affecting PM2.5 and PM10 greatly were air pressure and wind speed, while O3 were air pressure and temperature.