基于交通态势可视化分析的公交专用道布局

交通拥堵问题是困扰城市的普遍难题，科学地规划公交专用道是在城市道路空间资源有限的情况下提高运输效率的有效手段。探讨如何利用交通态势数据和路网信息来规划和评估公交专用道布局问题。首先选取公交专用道布局的研究范围，借助道路交通信息技术，利用交通路况分析与发布平台的大数据，将区域交通态势可视化，做交通路网态势评价，提出该区域的公交专用道布设方案。再从路网整体效益出发，构建以碳排放量最小和系统总出行时间最少为优化目标的多目标优化模型，分析设置公交专用道的效益。最后以南昌市中心某片区为例，选取交通拥堵严重、暂无公交专用道、且满足公交专用道设置条件的路段提出公交专用道布设方案，结果表明设置公交专用道能减少路网中车辆碳排放、改善路段的整体通行效率，减碳平均优化率为4%,时间效益平均提升5%,可知本文提出的优化方法有利于得到合理有效的公交专用道优化方案，为城市交通管理者提供决策依据。

Bus lanes based on visual analysis of traffic situation layout studies

Traffic congestion is a common problem that plagues urban residents. Scientifically planning bus lanes is an effective way to improve transportation efficiency in the case of limited road space resources in cities. This paper explores how to use traffic situation data and road network information to plan and evaluate the layout of bus lanes. First, the research scope of bus lane layout was selected. With the help of road traffic information technology, the regional traffic situation was visualized using big data of the platform for analyzing and publishing traffic conditions. Then, from the perspective of the overall benefit of the road network, a multi-objective optimization model with the minimum carbon emission and the minimum total travel time as the optimization objectives was constructed to analyze the benefits of setting up bus lanes. Finally, taking a particular area in the center of Nanchang city as an example, a bus lane layout scheme was proposed for the sections with severe traffic congestion, no bus lanes yet, and meeting the conditions for setting up bus lanes. The results show that setting up bus lanes can reduce vehicle carbon emissions in the road network and improve the overall traffic efficiency of the sections. The average optimization rate for carbon reduction is 4%, and the average time efficiency is increased by 5%. The optimization method proposed in this paper is conducive to obtaining a reasonable and practical bus lane optimization scheme and provides a decision basis for urban traffic managers.