黏结剂对RDX/Al复合含能材料的性能影响

为了研究不同黏结剂对RDX/Al复合含能材料性能的影响,分别以氟橡胶(F_(2602))、热塑性聚氨酯(Estane5703)和硝化棉(NC)为黏结剂,利用喷雾干燥法制备了3种含有不同黏结剂成分的黑索今(RDX)/Al复合含能材料。采用扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope, SEM)、X射线光电子能谱仪(X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, XPS)、X射线衍射仪(X-ray diffraction, XRD)和差示扫描量热仪(differential scanning calorimeter, DSC)对样品的形貌、表面元素、结构和热分解特性进行了表征;采用12型工具法测试了样品的撞击感度。结果表明:以F_(2602)为黏结剂制备的样品表面光滑,颗粒密实,表面有大量F元素且Al元素含量最少,包覆黏结效果最好;使用3种黏结剂制备的样品晶型未发生改变;使用F_(2602)、Estane5703和NC制备的样品热爆炸临界温度较RDX分别降低了6.17、0.81、6.24 K,说明铝粉的加入提高了RDX的热分解活性;以F_(2602)为黏结剂制备的样品特性落高较RDX提高了68.3 cm,撞击感度最低。

The Effect of Binder on the Properties of RDX/Al Composite Energetic Materials

To illustrate the effect of different binders on the properties of RDX/Al composite energetic materials, three kinds of RDX/Al composite energetic materials coated with different binders were prepared by spray drying method using fluororubber (F2602), thermoplastic polyurethane (Estane5703), and nitrocellulose (NC), respectively. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) were utilized to characterize the morphology, surface elements, crystal structure and thermal decomposition characteristics of the samples, respectively. The impact sensitivity of the samples was tested by Type 12 tool method. The results show that the sample coated with F2602 have a smooth surface and compact particles, with the highest content of F element and the least amount of Al element on the surface, indicating the best coating effect of F2602. The crystal structure of the samples coated with the three binders are remained without phase transformation. The critical temperature of thermal explosion of the samples coated with F2602, Estane5703, and NC are reduced by 6.17 K, 0.81 K and 6.24 K respectively compared with RDX, indicating that the thermal decomposition activity of RDX is promoted by the addition of aluminum powder. Compared with RDX, the characteristic drop height of the sample coated with F2602 is improved by 68.3 cm, which has the lowest impact sensitivity.