富水地层深基坑施工诱发邻近建筑物变形分析： 以济南地铁R2线烈士陵园站深基坑为例

针对城市地铁车站深基坑开挖对邻近建筑物的影响，尤其是富水地层，深基坑施工会诱发邻近建筑物产生较大变形，严重危及既有建筑物正常使用。依托济南轨道交通R2线烈士陵园站深基坑工程，基于现场实测结果分析了围护桩体水平位移、地表沉降和建筑物沉降规律，采用三维数值计算与现场监测数据相互印证，分析了深基坑施工对邻近建筑物变形的影响，并探讨了不同因素对邻近建筑物变形的影响。结果表明：建筑物沉降是由坑外地表变形所造成的，基坑开挖和降水造成坑外建筑物沉降大致相当；减小钢支撑间距，能够降低建筑物的沉降和倾斜，但不宜过密；止水帷幕能够起到有效控制建筑物沉降的效果，随着止水帷幕深度增加到一定程度，控制效果降低。

Analysis on Deformation of Adjacent Buildings Induced by Deep Foundation Pit Construction in Water-rich Strata: Taking the Deep Foundation Pit of Jinan Metro Line 2 as an Example

In view of the influence of deep foundation pit excavation of urban subway station on adjacent buildings, especially in water-rich strata, deep foundation pit construction will induce large deformation of adjacent buildings, which seriously endangers the normal use of existing buildings. Based on the deep foundation pit project of Ji''nan rail transit metro martyr mausoleum station, the horizontal displacement, surface settlement and building settlement of the retaining pile are analyzed based on the field measurement results. The three-dimensional numerical calculation and field monitoring data are used to verify each other. The influence of deep foundation pit construction on the deformation law of adjacent buildings is analyzed, and the influence of different factors on the deformation of adjacent buildings is further discussed. The results show that the settlement of buildings is caused by the surface deformation outside the pit, and the settlement of buildings outside the pit caused by foundation pit excavation and dewatering is roughly equivalent. Reducing the steel support spacing can reduce the settlement and inclination of the building, but it should not be too dense ; the waterproof curtain can effectively control the settlement of buildings. As the depth of the waterproof curtain increases to a certain extent, the control effect decreases.