新疆3个地方品种绵羊微卫星遗传分析

利用10个微卫星标记对新疆北疆地区3个品种绵羊品种遗传多样性进行了检测。统计了各品种的等位基因组成、平均有效等位基因数(E)和平均基因纯合率(Ph)，利用等位基因频率计算出各品种的平均遗传杂合度(h)、多态信息含量(PIC)和品种间的遗传距离。结果表明：10个微卫星位点在3个绵羊品种中的多态信息含量除BM1824、MAF65、OarAE101、OarFCB48为低、中度多态外，其余6个微卫星均为高度多态，可作为有效的遗传标记用于绵羊品种之间遗传多样性和系统发生关系的分析；各品种绵羊总的平均PIC、h和E均低于、Rh高于国外其他品种的绵羊，其基因多态性和遗传多样性相对贫乏；各品种的分子系统发生关系与其来源、育成史、分化及地理分布基本一致。

Microsatellite Genetic Analysis of Three Sheep Breeds in Xinjiang

The genetic polymorphism of 10 microsatellites in 3 sheep breeds in Xinjiang was determinated.Number of alleles,average effective number of alleles (E) and average rates of homozygote(Rh)of each breeds were counted. According to alleles frequencies of ten microsatellites,polymorphism information content (PIC),mean heterozygosity (h) and genetic distances were calculated for each breeds.The dendrograms were obtained based on genetic distances.The results showed that 6 of 10 microsatellite loci were high polymorphic,but BM1824,MAF65,OarAE101 and OarFCB48 were low and medium polymorphic respectively,so the 6 microsatellite loci were effective markers for analysis of genetic relationship among sheep breeds.The average PIC,h and E for the whole population were all lower and Rh upper than those of other sheep breeds reported in the documents,which showed gene polymorphism and genetic diversity are relatively rare.The phylogenetic relationship between different sheep breeds was in accord with their resource,breeding history,differentiation and localities.