秋水仙素诱导椒样薄荷染色体加倍的研究

因多倍体器官巨型性、抗逆性强及代谢产物含量升高等特性,多倍体诱导常被用于药用植物的育种研究。本研究利用秋水仙素在体外诱导椒样薄荷含芽的茎段,以期获得染色体加倍的变异植株。用不同浓度(50、100、150、200 mg/L)的秋水仙素对椒样薄荷茎段处理不同时间,从茎段的死亡率、再生苗的诱导和生长情况以及变异植株诱导率综合考虑,筛选出最适的秋水仙素处理组合为150 mg/L处理48 h。并对变异植株的生长状况、叶片形态、气孔大小和密度以及染色体数目等进行观察统计,成功获得染色体数目加倍的椒样薄荷植株,为椒样薄荷的品种改良和选育奠定了基础。

Research on the chromosome doubling of peppermint induced by colchicines

The induction of polyploidy has many advantages such as the huge organ, stronger resistance and increase of metabolite, and it is often used for breeding research of medicinal plant. In this study, the peppermint stem containing bud was induced by colchicines in order to obtain the chromosome doubling variant plants. The peppermint stems were induced by colchicines separately with different concentrations(such as 50、100、150、200 mg/L) and different processing time, and the optimum concentration and processing time were screened out by comprehensive consideration of the mortality rate of stem, the induction and growth of regenerated shoot, and the rate of variant plants. The optimum combination is 150 mg/L colchicines for 48 h. The growth, leaf morphology, the size and density of stomata, and the chromosomes number of the variant plants were observed. The peppermints with chromosome number doubled were successfully obtained, which laid the foundation for the breeding and selection of peppermint.