考虑驾驶员行为特性的行车安全仿真试验

为了分析驾驶员行为特性对行车安全的影响状况，首先建立了基于MATLAB/Simulink和ADAMS联合仿真的人—车—路闭环系统，通过不同车速下的双移线和蛇形线的闭环仿真试验验证了该系统的有效性。此外，在综合国内外学者研究成果的基础上，综合驾驶员的生理、心理特性和疲劳程度将驾驶员的驾驶特性分为12类，并确定相应类型驾驶特性的表征参数。选取某省道设计方案的部分路段为试验路段，对不同类型驾驶员在弯道上的行车安全以及不同疲劳程度的驾驶员在恶劣天气下的行车安全进行正交试验设计，基于人—车—路闭环系统开展虚拟行车仿真试验。试验数据的极差和方差分析结果显示，驾驶员疲劳程度对行车安全状况影响显著，在雨天与冰雪等恶劣天气下行驶时车速是影响行车安全的决定性因素。

Simulation test on effect of driver behavior characteristics on driving safety

The driver vehicle road closed loop system which is proved out by virtual simulation test is effectuated for analyzing the effect of the driving behavior characteristics on safety of driving. By combining the domestic and foreign research findings on driver′s physical function, the driving behavior characteristics were divided into 12 types and the characterization parameters were determined. The road traffic safety of drivers with different characteristics who drive on different radius of horizontal curve and under heavy weather was analyzed by orthogonal test. The result indicates that the fatigue states have the most significant impact on driver′s driving ability. When driving under heavy weather, the vehicle speed is the most important factor impacting on the driver′s traveling safety.