桑叶多糖的提取工艺研究

研究了水浸提法提取桑叶多糖的工艺条件，比较了超声法、酶法和微波法等不同的前处理方法对桑叶多糖提取效率的影响．结果表明：（1）水浸提法提取桑叶多糖的较优方案为：温度80℃、时间1h、料液比1：40，桑叶多糖的得率约为11．50％．（2）超声法辅助提取桑叶多糖的较优方案为：超声功率300W，超声处理10min，之后水浸提多糖的得率为12．25％．（3）纤维素酶为桑叶多糖的最佳酶提取剂，其酶解的较优方案为：酶用量为桑叶量的1．5％，酶解时间2h，酶解温度50℃，酶处理后水提多糖得率为12．49％．（4）微波辐射时间以8min为宜，微波法辅助提取多糖得率为11．68％．（5）比较4种处理方法提取桑叶多糖的得率，依次为：酶辅助法〉超声辅助法〉微波辅助法〉水浸提法，综合考虑成本、工作效率等因素，以超声法前处理、水浸提桑叶多糖得率较高．

Several extraction processes of polysaccharide from Morus aLba L. leaves

Four different extraction procedures of polysaccharide from leaves of Morus aLba L. were studied. The results showed that ： （1） The optimum condition of extracting with water was ： solid-liquid ratio 1 ： 40, extraction time 1 h, temperature 80 ℃. And the yield of polysaccharide was 11.50%. （2） The optimum conditions of extracting with ultrasonic assistance were： the ultrasonic power was 300 W and ultrasonic time was 10 min. The yield of polysaccharide was 12.25%. （3） The optimum extracting enzyme was cellulose, the dosage was 1.5%, cellulase treatment time 2 h and treatment temperature 50 ℃. The yield of polysaccharide using enzymatic assistant extraction was 12.49%. （4） The appropriate microwave treatment time was 8 min and the yield of polysaccharide using microwave assistant extraction was 11.68%. （ 5 ） The yield of polysaccharide was： enzymatic assistant extraction 〉 ultrasound assistant extraction 〉 microwave assistant extraction 〉 water extraction. Considering cost, work efficiency, etc. , ultrasonic assistant extraction was showed to be the most promising extraction method for polysaccharide from leaves of Morus aLba L.