边缘化与边缘效应：概念解读及其行为方式--近郊村落城市化的社会学思考

近郊村落处于城市与乡村两大系统的交接地带，随着城市的空间扩张，中国城市化进程中的近郊村落呈现出一系列边缘化特征：社会政策的边缘性、社会结构的混杂性、村庄发展的过渡性、社会成员的异质性。处于城市化过程的近郊村落正面临着城乡两种社会因子的交集，形成了独特的“边缘效应”。既为近郊村提供了发展条件、机遇和自主行动的空间，构建了城市生态系统的缓冲带，也带来了新的社会矛盾。正确认识近郊村落的“边缘化”现象，合理利用其“边缘效应”，妥善处理政府、市场与村庄的关系，实现城乡“融合”而非农村单向度地融入城市，走“乡土型城市化”道路，或许可以成为中国农村城市化的一种新选择。

The Marginalization and Marginal Effect：an Interpretation of the Concept and the Style of Behavior--Thinking of Urbanization of Suburban Village by Sociology

Suburban villages are located in the transitional zones between urban and rural areas. With the spatial expansion of cities in China, suburban villages in the process of urbanization present a series of marginalized effects：the marginality in social policy, the hybridity in social structure, the transitionality in the development of villages, and the heterogeneity in social members. In the process of urbanization, suburban villages are facing the intersection of two kinds of social factors, and have formed marginal effects providing suburban villages with development conditions, opportunities, and space of autonomous actions, constituting the buffer zone of cities’ ecological system, and bringing about new social contradictions as well. It may be a new choice for China’s urbanization to cope with the relationships between government, market, and village appropriately, to realize the urban and rural fusion instead of the unidirectional incorporation of villages into cities, and to take the track of rural urbanization.