不同菠菜基因型硝酸盐积累与氮吸收、利用效率的比较

采用不同硝态氮(NO_3~--N)浓度水培试验,比较4个菠菜基因型(菠10号、菠13号、菠18号及菠57号)硝酸盐积累和氮素利用效率的差异.结果表明,0.5和15 mmol·L-1NO_3~--N浓度水平下,菠13号硝酸盐含量均最高,菠10号硝酸盐含量最低,菠18号硝酸盐含量在低硝态氮处理下与菠13号差异不显著,高硝态氮处理下与菠57号差异不显著,介于菠13号与菠10号之间.菠13号15NO_3~--N吸收速率在高、低硝态氮浓度水平下均显著高于其他基因型,而其氮素生理利用效率(Nut E)、氮素利用效率指数(NUR)显著低于菠18和菠57号;菠18和菠57号地上部分干重(SDW)、硝酸还原酶活性、Nut E、NUR显著高于菠13号和菠10号,而15NO_3~--N吸收速率低于菠13号;菠10号地上部分干重、硝酸还原酶活性、Nut E、NUR显著低于菠18和菠57号,15NO_3~--N吸收速率及氮素吸收效率(Nup E)显著低于菠13号.综上,不同菠菜基因型的硝酸盐积累和氮素利用效率存在差异,供试材料中菠57号在高、低硝态氮浓度下均具有较高的Nut E和较低的硝酸盐含量,可用于菠菜高产优质品种选育.

Comparison of nitrate accumulation, nitrogen uptake and utilization efficiency among different spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) genotypes

A hydroponic experiment was conducted to study the difference of nitrate accumulation,nitrogen uptake and utilization efficiency between four spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) genotypes (So10,So13,So18 and So57). Results showed that So13 had the highest nitrate contents under two nitrate (NO₃^--N) level (0.5 mmol·L^-1,15 mmol·L^-1) conditions,whereas So10 had the lowest nitrate contents. So18 had the similar nitrate contents with So13 under low NO₃^- level,while it showed no significant difference of nitrate contents with So57 under high NO₃^- treatment. The ¹⁵NO₃^--N uptake rates of So13 were the highest one among four genotypes,while the N utilization efficiency (NutE) and N utilization ratio (NUR) of So13 were significantly lower than those of So18 and So57. The shoot dry mass,nitrate reductase activity,NutE,NUR of So18 and So57 were higher than those of So13 and So10,while their ¹⁵NO₃^--N uptake rates were lower than those of So13. The shoot dry mass,nitrate reductase activity,NutE,N utilization ratio of So10 were significantly lower than those of So18 and So57,and its ¹⁵NO₃^--N uptake rate was significantly lower than those of So13. Among the four spinach genotypes,the So57 can be selected as elite germplasm using for spinach production for its relatively lower nitrate content and higher N efficiency.