苏芸金芽孢杆菌与蜡状芽孢杆菌基因组DNA同源性及多态性的研究

用ＲＡＰＤ－ＰＣＲ扩增到６１个标准株、生产用菌株及２４个蜡状芽孢杆菌参比菌株的全ＤＮＡ指纹图，通过计算多态性扩增片段的大小，利用ＮＴＳＹＳ软件进行聚类分析，蜡状芽孢杆菌菌株并未形成独立于苏芸金芽孢杆菌的聚群，这是此近缘种ＤＮＡ分子水平高度同源的新证据．６１个苏芸金芽孢杆菌的聚类结果表明：其ＤＮＡ指纹图与Ｈ－血清型有一定相关性．与引物０９５５－０３相比，引物０９４０－１２对苏芸金芽孢杆菌不同亚种及蜡状芽孢杆菌菌株具有更高的鉴别价值，大多数特异株ＤＮＡ全指纹图有菌株特异性，证实ＲＡＰＤ－ＰＣＲ技术是苏芸金芽孢杆菌及蜡状芽孢杆菌种下分类和鉴定的简便快速有效的方法

THE STUDY ON THE GENOMIC DNA POLYMORPHISMS AND HOMOLOGY OF BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS AND BACILLUS CEREUS

The total DNA fingerprints of 61 Bacillus thuringiensis(B.t.) type strain (including commercial strains) and 24 Bacillus cereus(B.c.) reference strains were amplified by Randomly Amplified Polymorphism DNA Polymerase Chain Reaction(RAPD PCR). A table of one/zero based on the presence/absence of certain amplified fragments was prepared according to the total DNA fingerprints of B.c. and B.t. strains. A cluster analysis was performed using NTSYS programs. It showed common characteristics and polymorphism among different B.t. and B. c. strains. Furthermore, the 24 B.c. strains were not clustered in one group which was independent of B.t., thus we concluded that the genomic DNA of B.t. strains was highly homologous with that of B.c. strains. The cluster analysis of 61 B.t. demonstrated that the total DNA fingerprints were related to the H antigen in certain degree, and the primer 0940 12 was found more powerful than 0955 12 to differentiate and identify B.t. and B.c. strains. It was concluded that RAPD PCR is a simple, rapid and effective method for the differentiation and identification of B.t. and B.c. strains.