汉江水体和沉积物中噬菌体特征研究

基于2014年3月和10月汉江中下游6个断面的水体和沉积物监测样品,获得384个高质量vOTUs(viralOperationalTaxonomicUnits)。研究表明,vOTUs中95%以上隶属Caudovirales (有尾噬菌体目),丰度居前3位的科分别为Myoviridae (肌尾噬菌体科)、Siphoviridae (长尾噬菌体科)和Podoviridae(短尾噬菌体科)。主坐标分析和相似性分析结果表明,沉积物中病毒群落结构相对稳定,而水体中群落易随季节发生变化,同流域的水体和沉积物中群落可能具有连通性。宿主来自2域(界) 19门,丰度最高的宿主是Proteobacteria门(变形菌门)。88%的vOTUs具有单一的门水平的宿主,有3个vOTUs跨越5个门。跨域(界)感染的vOTUs在感染古菌界Thermoproteota门的同时,最常见的是感染细菌界的Bacteroidota门(拟杆菌门)。与水体相比,沉积物中宿主的群落组成更加多样。Pearson相关分析表明,噬菌体与其宿主的组成在门水平上一致。

Characteristics of Phages in Water and Sediments of Hanjiang River

Based on the water and sediment monitoring samples of 6 sections in the middle and lower reaches of the Hanjiang River in March and October 2014, 384 high-quality vOTUs (viral Operational Taxonomic Units) were obtained. The research showed that more than 95% of the vOTUs belonged to Caudovirales, and the top three abundance families were Myoviridae, Siphoviridae and Podoviridae. The analysis of PCoA (principal coordinates analysis) and ANOSIM (analysis of similarities) showed that the phage community structure in sediments was relatively stable, while the phage community in water was easy to change with seasons, and the phage community in water and sediments of the same basin might be connected. Hosts came from 19 phyla of 2 domains (kingdoms), and the most abundant host was Proteobacteria. 88% of the vOTUs had a single host of phylum level, while three vOTUs exhibited a broad host range across five phyla. Phages infecting hosts across domain (kingdoms) would infect Thermoproteota, and most commonly infected Bacteroidota. Compared with water, the community composition of phage hosts in sediments was more diverse. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the composition of pahges agreed with that of their microbial hosts at the phylum level.