VA菌根对植物抗性的影响研究进展

综述了国外VA菌根影响宿主植物的抗旱性、耐盐性、抗低温性、抗重金属毒害及抗病虫害能力等方面的研究成果,同时提出了VA菌根真菌影响植物抗逆性问题。     

Evolutionary and ecological implications of cardenolide sequestration in the monarch butterfly

Summary Monarch butterflies sequester cardenolides from their larval host plants in the milkweed genusAsclepias for use in defense against predation. Of 108Asclepias species in North America, monarchs are known to feed as larvae on 27. Research on 11 of these has shown that monarchs sequester cardenolides most effectively, to an asymptote of approximately 350 g/0.1 g dry butterfly, from plants with intermediate cardenolide contents rather than from those with very high or very low cardenolide contents. SinceAsclepias host plant species are distributed widely in space and time across the continent, monarchs exploit them by migration between breeding and overwintering areas. After overwintering in central Mexico, spring migrants east of the Rocky Mountains exploit three predominantAsclepias species in the southern USA that have moderately high cardenolide contents. Monarchs sequester cardenolides very effectively from these species. First generation butterflies are thus well protected against predators and continue the migration north. Across the northern USA and southern Canada most summer breeding occurs on a fourthAsclepias species and in autumn most of these monarchs migrate back to Mexican overwintering sites. The ecological implications of this cycle of cardenolide sequestration for the evolution of monarch migration are discussed.     

Chemical ecology of oviposition in phytophagous insects

Summary Selection of a suitable site for oviposition by phytophagous insects is critical for successful development of the offspring. The behavioral events leading to oviposition are mediated to a large extent by chemical cues associated with potential host plants. Orientation and landing are primarily guided by volatile constituents of a plant, whereas assessment of a leaf surface depends on contact stimuli. Chemical mechanisms that ensure adequate spacing of progeny on limited resources include the production of oviposition-deterring pheromones as well as recognition of plant constituents released as a result of previous damage. Perception of chemical cues that affects oviposition involves receptors on antennae, tarsi, mouthparts or the ovipositor. Complex behavior such as tarsal drumming or stem runs may serve to provide increased receptor contact with chemical stimuli. Abiotic and biotic environmental factors often influence the production or release of behavior-modifying chemicals by a plant, and therefore affect oviposition preferences. Plant chemistry may be involved in associative learning, but may also lead to mistakes. Thus a clear correlation between oviposition preference and offspring success does not always exist.     

并殖吸虫第二中间宿主一新种——平和华溪蟹(十足目:短尾派)

本文记述了采自福建省平和县的淡水蟹华溪蟹属Sinopotamon一新种——平和华溪蟹S.pinheensesp.nov;蟹体内并殖吸虫囊蚴感染率为100％(21/21)。     

基于数据挖掘的主机入侵行为检测

提出利用序列模式挖掘方法得到频繁入侵命令序列，将频繁入侵命令转换为底层入侵检测器的检测规则用于检测用户的可疑行为．为了消除误报，设计了一个基于入侵事件状态的关联引擎，将频繁入侵命令序列作办关联规则，并提出了一种新的入侵关联算法，该算法不仅考虑了每类主机入侵行为的序列特征，也反映了不同类型主机入侵行为之间的因果关系，体现了主机入侵行为的多样性和复杂性．实验结果表明，该入侵关联模型对各类主机入侵行为的检测效果良好，误报率明显降低，特别是下载类和信息获取类主机入侵行为的误报降低了20%左右。     

一种利用域名系统支持主机移动的路由协议

当网络主机改变网络接入点时。传统的TEP／IP协议无法正常运作。这是由于IP地址的双重作用(既是主机的名也指明主机当前的网络位置)引起的，支持主机移动的网络协议SHMUD(Supporting Host Mobility Using DNS)用域名作为主机名。保留主机IP地址指示其当前网络位置的作用，解决了这一问题，SHMUD以域名服务系统作为它的位置目录，在每个移动主机可能访问的网络中安装移动代理，当移动主机从一个网络移动到另一个网络。并通过DHCP服务器获得了当地网络的一个IP地址后。向它的归属代理(Home Agent)发送登记请求，归属代理根据该移动主机的请求通知DNS服务器。DNS服务器就更新该移动主机的域名—地址映射。这样网络中其它主机利用域名与该移动主机通信时就可以直接将IP报发往该移动主机的当前IP地址了，在移动主机改变网络接入点的过程中，可能与其它主机正在进行通信。为保证通信不被中断(称为平滑越区)。SHMUD提出了一种新的机制以实现主机的平滑越区。此外，SHMUD还提供必要的安全措施使各个移动代理和DNS服务器不受网络攻击。最后，给出了SHMUD的原型系统和性能分析，与其它支持主机移动的路由方案如Mobile-IP相比，SHMUD实现了路径优化、资源的分布式管理、平滑越区以及身份验证等。此外，它只需要在移动主机可能访问的网络中安装移动代理，并在移动主机上安装必要的软件即可运行，不必进行大规模的软件升级，因此较适于在因特网中推广。     

Apache在校园网络中的应用研究

Apache在Internet中的WWW服务器领域，占有无可争议的领先地位．讨论了Apache服务器的实现原理，介绍了Apache的安装和配置过程．并结合实例就Apache在校园网络中的一些常见应用进行了分析，包括为用户提供个人主页服务和虚拟主机的服务等。     

四乙基铵碳酸氢盐水主客体加合物的晶体结构研究

合成了(C2H5)4N+HCO-3*H2O加合物并用X射线单晶衍射解析了其晶体结构.晶体属单斜晶系, P21/n空间群, a=0.8186(1) nm, b=1.5330(3) nm, c=0.9562(3)nm, β=97.82(2)°, Z=4, V=1.1888(5) nm3, Mr=209.28, ρc=1.169g*cm-3, μ(MοKα)=0.090mm-1, F(000)=464,对1837个独立衍射点的最终偏离因子R=0.0486.每个不对称单位由1个碳酸氢根离子、1个水分子与1个四乙基铵阳离子组成.阴离子和水分子之间通过氢键连成皱折纽带,被包含在四乙基铵阳离子列所形成的未完全封闭管道中.     

校园计算机网络安全的现状与对策

本文分析了校园计算机网络安全的现状,提出了加强校园计算机网络安全的对策,这对于确保校园计算机网络的安全、稳定的运转是非常重要的。     

基于TCP/IP网络中多PLC通信的设计和实现

随着工业自动化的发展,在控制领域中PLC应用范围日益广泛,因此与上位机间的通信也越来越频繁。通常PLC同上位机间的通信方式是单线对等连接或通过PLC网络实现。文章提出了一种将上位机和多个PLC通过通信服务器组成通用TCP/IP局域网的方法,上位机以定期主动查询方式和PLC实行通信,介绍了上位机通信程序的设计和实现。