以十八胺为原料的季铵盐型沥青乳化剂的合成与性能

以十八胺、丙烯酸和氯乙酸为反应原料,制备了一种新型季铵盐沥青乳化剂,即:十八烷基-双(2-羧乙基)-羧甲基氯化铵.得到了十八烷基二丙酸基叔胺(第一步产物)的最佳反应条件为:反应温度70℃,反应时间5 h,丙烯酸与十八胺的摩尔比2. 20,反应产率为52. 39%.利用红外光谱FTIR、氢核磁共振1H NMR和元素分析对产物的化学结构进行了鉴定.利用在线红外光谱(online FTIR)对十八烷基二丙酸基叔胺的合成过程进行分析,提出了相应的反应机理.采用电导法测得沥青乳化剂的临界胶束浓度CMC为2×10~(-3)mol/L.对该乳化剂进行了乳化性能测试,该乳化剂与NP-10按一定比例复配,对AH-90重交沥青具有很好的乳化能力,其乳化沥青具有很好的贮存稳定性,该乳化剂是一种快裂型沥青乳化剂.

Synthesis and Performance Investigation of Quaternary Ammonium Salt Asphalt Emulsifier by Using Octadecyl Amine as Raw Materials

A novel asphalt emulsifier of octadecyl-bis( 2-carboxyethyl)-carboxymethyl ammonium chloride is synthesized by the reaction of octadecyl amine,acrylic acid and chloroacetic acid. The optimum synthesis reaction conditions are got. The yield is 52. 39% at temperature 70 ℃,reaction time 5 h,themole ratio of acrylic acid to octadecyl amine 2. 20. The product's chemical structure is identified by FTIR,NMR and elemental analysis. The synthesis of octadecyl-bis( 2-carboxyethyl) tertiary amine is monitored by online FTIR technique. The intermediate is detected by the online FTIR analysis method. Based on the data of experiments,a mechanism is proposed. The CMC of the asphalt emulsifier,which is determined by conductivity method,is 2 ×10-3 mol/L. The composites of the asphalt emulsifier and nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether have excellent emulsifying ability to AH-90 asphalt. The emulsifier belongs to rapid-set asphalt emulsifier.