汽轮机凝汽器最佳真空的影响因素及确定方法

凝汽器真空是汽轮机运行中的重要参数,其数值的大小对汽轮机的运行安全经济性及调节性能都有很大的影响。虽然提高凝汽器的真空可以使汽轮机的理想焓降增大,电功率增加,但无论从设计角度还是从运行角度来看,都不是真空越高越好。影响凝汽器真空的原因是多方面的,在换热面积一定的情况下,主要有:汽轮机排汽量、循环水流量、循环水入口温度。同时,凝汽器脏污程度、汽轮机排汽阻力、锅炉补充水、抽气器(或真空泵)耗功率、凝结水溶氧量、循环水最低流速、循环水的费用、凝结水过冷度等因素对于凝汽器最佳真空确定的影响也不容忽视。

Determining Method of the Optimum Vacuum in the Condenser of Steam Turbine

The vacuum of condenser is an important parameter in the operation of steam turbine,whose magnitude has great influence on the economy,security and modulation capability of steam turbine.No matter what you take into account,design or operation,it's not always better when the vacuum is higher,even though improving the vacuum in condenser can improve the ideal enthalpy drop of steam turbine and increase the electric power as well.If the heat exchanger area doesn't change,the factors which affect the vacuum of condenser are mainly in the following:the load of steam turbine,the flow and inlet temperature of circulating water.In addition,the cost of circulating water,the exhaust resistance of steam turbine,the complementary water of boiler,the power consumption of air ejector(vacuum pump),the dissolved oxygen of condensing water,the clean coefficient of condenser,the lowest flow rate of circulating water,and the super coolng degree of condensing water have more or less influence on determining the optimum vacuum of condenser.