藩部经略与直省支撑——四川在清朝治理西藏中的地位和作用

清前期,清朝逐步实现了大一统,并形成了"直省-藩部"二元并存的疆域结构。彼时,无论是直省地区还是藩部地带,皆是清朝的领土。在清朝统一和治理西藏的过程中,地处直省边缘、同西藏接壤的四川地区,成为清朝经略西藏的依托,在军事支撑、行政支援、后勤保障、交通联络等方面发挥了重要的作用,体现了大一统王朝下直省和藩部之间的相互依存。同时,通过对清代二元并存疆域结构及四川在西藏经略中作用的分析,可以总结出清朝治理西藏的经验和得失。

The Role of Sichuan Province in the Governance of Tibet in the Qing Dynasty

In the early Qing Dynasty,the Qing government gradually realized national unity and formed a dual territorial structure of"province-vassal".At that time,the areas of both provinces and the vassals were the territory of the Qing Dynasty.In the course of uniting the nation and the process of governance of Tibet during the Qing Dynasty,Sichuan as a place borders Tibet,became a province which the Qing government relied on in the governance of Tibet.Sichuan offered all-out support in military power,administration,logistic services,transportation and so on,which reflects the interdependence between the provinces and the vassals in the unified nation.Through the analysis of the coexistence of the dual territorial structure of the Qing Dynasty and Sichuan’s role in the governance of Tibet,we can sum up the experience,the gains and losses of the Qing Dynasty in governing Tibet.