近代流民入城对城市化进程的影响

近代中国由于资本主义入侵、战乱、灾荒等原因，产生了大量流民。流民入城对近代城市化进程产生了一系列的影响：一方面，使近代城市人口规模迅速上升，为城市的工商业提供了充足的后备劳动力，改变了城市的社会结构，在一定程度上推动了城市化进程；另一方面，使失业人口剧增，城市市民生活质量下降，社会矛盾不断加剧，人居环境恶化，人口性别比例严重失调，人口职业结构出现畸形，城市功能受到很大影响，不利于城市的可持续发展。

The Influence of the Refugees＇ Entry into the City on the Urbanization

In modem times of China （1840 - 1949）, the invasion by capitalism, chaos caused by war, and famine etc. produced massive refugees. Refugees＇ entry into the city caused a series influences on the urbanization. On the one hand, it caused the rapid rise of urban population and provided sufficient labor force for the city industry and commerce, which changed the social structure, and impelled the urbanization advancement in certain degree. On the other hand, it caused the sharp increase of unemployment population and drop of city residents＇ life quality. As a result, the social contradictions intensified increasingly; the residential environment worsened; the sex proportion was seriously out of balance; the occupational structure tumed to be abnormal; and the city function suffered very tremendous influence. These results were harmful to urban sustainable development.