三峡工程论证回顾

三峡水利枢纽规模宏大,举世瞩目,具有巨大的防洪、发电、航运等综合效益,是开发治理长江的骨干工程.三峡工程从提出到基本完工长达90年.早在1919年,孙中山先生第一次提出修建三峡大坝,装机2 240万kW;1944年9月美国萨凡奇博士规划在长江三峡修建225 m高坝,装机1 522.5万kW.1956、1957年毛泽东、周恩来先后提出修建长江三峡水利枢纽.40年来历经反复规划论证与设计,于1992年4月3日经七届人大五次会议审议通过,三峡工程从此进入实施阶段.三峡工程论证是一个系统工程,其目的是充分论证三峡工程在技术上的可行性与经济、财务上的合理性;其方法是列出论证专题,成立专家组,通过现场勘测、规划,专家与群众相结合分析、论证;最终提出论证结论和可行性研究报告.三峡工程论证是科学化、民主化决策的典范,它凝聚了从孙中山到萨凡奇,从毛泽东到党的几代中央领导集体的远见卓识,凝聚了广大知识分子和劳动人民的心血与智慧.三峡工程的兴建,长江水资源的开发与利用,必将促进长江流域经济、社会、资源与环境相互协调和可持续发展,构建和谐社会,促进中国经济的进一步腾飞.

Retrospect of Three Gorges Project Demonstration

The Three Gorges Project（TGP） on the Yangtze River（YR） is the largest water power station in the world;it is now attracting the world wide attention.Possessing comprehensive utilization benefits mainly for flood control,power generation and navigation improvement,TGP will be a vital important and backbone project in harnessing and developing of the YR.TGP has been 90 years since its proposal and demonstration.Early in 1919,Dr.Sun Zhongshan firstly proposed to build TGP with a total installed capacity of 22 400 MW;US Dr.J.L.Savage planed to build TGP with a dam height of 225 m and a total installed capacity of 15225 MW.Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai proposed to build TGP in 1956 and 1957 respectively.After 40 years repeated plan and demonstration,TGP was approved by the fifth session of the 7th National People＇s Congress on April 3 1992,hence put into effect.TGP demonstration is system engineering;its object is fully demonstrating the feasibility of technology,the reasonability of economy and financial affairs;its method is listing demonstration items,set up panel of experts,through site survey and plan,analyzing and demonstrating by experts and masses,finally submitting the demonstration conclusion and feasibility study reports.TGP demonstration is the model of scientific and democratic decision;it condensed the foresight and sagacity of Sun zhongshan,Savage,Mao Zedong,Zhou Enlai and several generations of central leaders as well as the effort and wisdom of vast intellectuals and laboring people.The construction of TGP and the development and utilization of the YR water resources should promote the mutual coordinate and sustainable development of the Yangtze River basin＇s economy,society,resources and environment,form the harmonious society,accelerate the fly rapidly upward of Chinese economy.