从概率论的发展与应用谈其实质性

概率论是十七世纪中期兴起的一个颇具特色的数学分支。一方面它具有别开生面的研究课题,有自己独特的概念和方法,内容丰富、应用广泛、结果深刻;另一方面,它与其它数学分支又有紧密的联系且以严谨的数学理论为其理论基础,是近代数学的重要组成部分。在理论联系实际方面,它是数学中最活跃的分支之一。本文从概率论的发展角度阐述了它具有简单性、特殊性以及和谐性等本质性质,并结合这些实质性质解释了日常生活中常见的一些偶然现象。

On the Basic Properties of Probability from the Angle of Its Development and Applications

Probability was a characteristic branch of mathematics which first started in the midseventeeenth century. It is characterized with a completely new subject for research with characteristic conceptions, particular methods, rich content, wide use and profound results;on the other hand , it is closely related to the other branches of mathematics with strict mathematical theories as its theoretical foundations. It is an important part in modern mathematics. In the combination of theory and practice, it is the most active branch in mathematics. This paper deals with its essential prorerties of simplicity, particularity and harmony and explains some accedental phenomena in everyday life from the argle of its development.