烟台地区小麦、玉米生产潜力分析——兼一年二作技术体系评价

根据烟台地区光、热、水等气候资源实况,运用FAO等提供的生产潜力估算方法,认真分析了当地小麦、玉米不同栽培技术体系的生产潜力,进而对两个作物合理组配的4种一年二作技术体系作出评价:(1)晚播“独秆”小麦—套种晚熟玉米光温生产潜力最大,气候生产潜力也较高,目前宜作为高产攻关的二作技术体系;(2)中茬“中播”小麦—晚套中熟玉米气候生产潜力最高,稳产性好,宜作为当地大面积推广应用的主要二作技术体系;(3)晚播“独秆”小麦—平播中熟玉米气候生产潜力较高,水热综合满足状况良好,适合在产量水平较低、而机械化水平较高的条件下推广应用;(4)早茬“精播”小麦—早套中熟玉米气候生产潜力最低,稳产性差,应尽快用其它二作技术体系予以更替。

The Potential Productivity Analysis of Wheat and Maize in the Yantal Area-Concurrently a Appraisement of the Two - Crops - One - Year Technical System

On the basis of the natural resource situations of sunlight, heat, precipitation and so on in the Yantai area, we have conscien tiously analysed the potential productivity of the different cultivation technical system consisting in the local wheat and maize according to the estimative method provided by FAO. And then we have given the following evaluations of the four sorts of the two crops one year technical system composed rationally of the two crops: (1 )The system of interplanting the late maturing maize with the late sowing single stem wheat have the highest potential productivity of sunlight and temperalure( limited by the conditions of sunlight and temperature) and the higher climatic potential productivity (limited by the climatic conditions). Up till now it is suitable for get ting the highest yield in the two crops technical system; (2)The system of late interplanting the middle maturing maize with the middle stubble middle sowing wheat have the highest climatic potential productivity and the good function of the stable yields. Now it is suitable for popularizing and applying as the main sort of the two crops technical system in the large area in the locality. (3)The system of directplanting the middle maturing maize after harvesting the late sowing single stem wheat have the higher climatic potential productivity and the good synthetical conditions of water and heat in the want of the crops. It is good for popularizing and applying in the conditions of the higher mechanization level and slightly low yield level. (4)The system of early interplanting the middle maturing maize with the early stubble precision drilling wheat have the lowest climatic potential productivity and the poor function of the stable yield. It has to be replaced by the other two- crops technical system at once.