小城镇给水系统模式及水源的几点看法

中国小城镇给水建设存在大量问题,以水源短缺和建设模式无序为甚.在明确小城镇常规水源选择方法的基础上,建议小城镇积极开发特色水资源和非传统水资源作为给水水源或第二水源,分地区提出岩溶水开发、雨水集蓄和污水回用.同时对小城镇给水系统类别进行划分,探讨了区域给水系统和独立给水系统各自的特点、适用范围以及需注意的问题.提倡小城镇因地制宜地进行给水水源和给水系统模式的选择与组合,优先考虑区域供水,并以经济发展水平为主要因素对3类小城镇提出区域供水发展策略.为建设合理、经济、高效、稳定的小城镇给水系统提供支持.

Water Supply Sources and Mode of Water Supply System for Small Towns in China

A number of problems exist in water supply to Chinese small towns. Among them, the most significant problems are the scarcity of water source and irregularity of water supply system construction. Criteria for routine water sources are established based on the analysis of present characteristics and problems of water supplying in different areas in China, recommending that water source with onsite characteristics and non-traditional features act as water supply sources or backup sources. Karst water, rainwater catchment utilization, and municipal wastewater reuse are singled out as promising ways for water supply in the future. Then different water supply systems are classified for various types of towns to employ. Finally, framework for regional water supply is advised strongly for the three types of small towns with the consideration of respective economic level. Thus, feasible, stable, effective and cost-saving water supply systems are setting up for decision making.