公民名誉权的法律保护问题与对策

侵犯名誉权,主要有侮辱、诽谤两种表现形式,视其行为和严重程度,分别承担民事、行政或者刑事责任。由于中国犯罪构成的闭合性,导致民法、治安管理处罚法（行政法）和刑法之间界限不能明晰界分。为司法滥权和权利保护乏力留下了制度空间。在分析司法滥权和权利保护乏力的原因后,从实体法律完善、司法机制健全以及民事、行政、刑事诉讼交叉处理机制三方面提出对策。

Legal Protection of citizens the right of reputation and Countermeasures

The aggrieving of reputation right has two major forms of expression,i.e.insult and slander/libel.Offenders shall be liable to civil,administrative or criminal responsibility according to the severity of the case.Due to the enclosed nature of the elements of crimes in China,there are no distinct lines among the Civil Law,Law on Administrative Penalties for Public Security（the administrative law） and the Criminal Law as to define each.This has left the room for the abuse of judicial powers and the lack of rights protection owing to institutional deficiency.This paper analyzes the reasons behind the abuse of judicial powers and the failure to protect certain rights,thus proposing countermeasures from three aspects including the improvement of the substantive law,the perfection of judicial mechanism and the mechanism of cross-dealing with civil,administrative and criminal proceedings.