高原富锂水盐体系相平衡及热力学性质研究进展

 中国西部高海拔青藏高原腹地拥有众多盐湖，这些盐湖以富含锂而闻名世界。其卤水组成可用Li⁺，Na⁺，K⁺，Mg²⁺//Cl^-，SO₄^2-，CO₂^3-，borate-H₂O表示。开展多组分复杂盐湖卤水体系相平衡及热力学性质研究，不仅对该种类型盐湖卤水的成因和成矿规律及化学行为的揭示具有重要意义，而且对于盐湖卤水盐类资源综合利用具有指导意义。本文重点归纳总结了国内外高原富锂水盐体系的稳定相平衡、介稳相平衡及热力学性质的研究进展，指出了含锂水盐体系相平衡及热力学性质研究存在的问题及未来研究发展方向。

Progresses of phase equilibria and thermodynamics of the plateau lithium-containing brine systems

Salt lakes in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in the western China are famous for their high concentration of the lithium ion.The major chemical composition of brines can be expressed as the complex brine system of Li⁺,Na⁺,K⁺,Mg²⁺//Cl^-,SO₄^2-,CO₂^3-,borate-H₂O.Studies of the phase equilibria and thermodynamics of salt-water systems are of great significance either for the comprehensive utilization of brine resources or for the understanding of the genesis,the metallogenic process and the chemical behavior of these brines.In this paper,the stable and metastable phase equilibria of lithium-containing salt-water systems and thermodynamics of several lithium salts and their aqueous solutions are reviewed.And the problems at the present and the new trends in the future are discussed.