宗教多元化背景下的印度婚姻家庭法改革刍议———以印度教与伊斯兰教为例

印度自20世纪中期以来开始了大规模的属人法改革运动,婚姻家庭法改革首当其冲.这场主旨为“统一化”、“世俗化”的法律改革,在宗教多元化背景下,面临诸多现实困境.印度教徒与伊斯兰教徒人数占全印度人口总数的94％.传统风俗、宗教信仰的交互碰撞以及印度教民族主义与伊斯兰原教旨主义所引发的教派纷争,使得印度婚姻家庭法改革屡屡受挫.“Shah Bano”案正是这一现实问题的真实写照.因此,在宗教多元化的特定背景下,只有确立宗教宽容、平等互信的基本理念,才有可能成功推进法律统一化与世俗化改革的进程.

Comment on the Indian Marriage and Family Law Reform at the Background of Religious Multi-Culture：take the Hinduism and Islam as examples

Indian Personal law reform took place in mid twentieth century, of which the marriage and family law reform was to bear the brunt. The main idea of the reform was the unitization and secularization, which faced on with many difficulties at the back ground of religious pluralism. The ninety - four percent of population are the Hinduism and Islam. There are many tradition and religion conflicts among them, which hinder the reform smoothly, such as the case ＂Shah Bano＂. In order to further the reform, the Indian should build the concept of tolerance and mutual trust.