基于物联网的食品安全社会共治体系数据架构设计

近年来,随着食品产业规模逐步扩大,食品供应链中存在的安全风险给监管工作带来了新挑战,为了实现多元主体共同参与食品安全监管,形成食品安全社会共治模式,探索研究食品安全社会共治体系,就食品生产、加工、流通、销售、监管等环节产生的数据进行深入分析,提出了基于物联网的食品安全社会共治体系数据架构。该架构提供了各社会共治主体相关数据的采集与整合功能,包括政府监管部门、企业、社会公众、第三方机构、新闻媒体等。通过建立统一的标准接口、数据调用模式和编码方式,将数据存储地址、编码规则进行目录化管理,根据目录中的地址采用监管信息和追溯信息采集接口实现数据汇集与协同。并以商品唯一标识编码(即商品追溯码)作为主要检索依据,进行数据目录调取与信息关联,最终实现多环节、跨部门、跨层级的食品安全数据共享及全链条的信息追溯。同时,采用区块链技术提高数据的安全性,防止关键信息被篡改。基于物联网的食品安全社会共治体系数据架构旨在有效助力食品安全生产、检验检测、风险管控、舆情监测,提升食品安全智慧监管效能。

Data Architecture Design of Food Safety Social Co-Governance System Based on Internet of Things

In recent years, with the gradual expansion of the scale of the food industry, the safety risks in the food supply chain have brought new challenges to the supervision. In order to realize the joint participation of multiple subjects in food safety supervision, form a social co-governance model of food safety, explore and study the social co-governance system of food safety, the data generated from food production, processing, circulation, sales, supervision and other links was deeply analyzed, and the data architecture of food safety social co-governance system based on the internet of things was put forward. The architecture provides the collection and integration functions of relevant data from various social co-governance subjects, including government regulatory departments, enterprises, the public, third-party institutions, news media, etc. Through the establishment of a unified standard interface, data call mode and coding mode, the data storage address and coding rules were managed in a directory. According to the address in the directory, the monitoring information and traceability information collection interface will be adopted to realize data collection and collaboration. Taking the unique identification code of the commodity (namely commodity traceability code) as the main retrieval basis, the data directory retrieval and information association were carried out, so as to finally realize multi-link, cross department and cross-level food safety data sharing and whole chain information traceability. At the same time, block chain technology was adopted to improve the security of data and prevent key information from falsifying tampered with. The data architecture design of food safety social co-governance system based on the internet of things might effectively help food safety production, inspection and detection, risk control and public opinion monitoring, and improve the efficiency of intelligent supervision of food safety.