两种加热法合成乙酰苯胺的对比实验研究及其教学效果探讨

分别用常规加热法和微波辐射法合成了乙酰苯胺.结果表明:常规加热法合成的最佳时间为45min,微波辐射法为4min,反应时间比常规加热法缩短了约11倍.微波辐射法的转化率比实验教材给定反应30min的转化率提高了约30%.与学生用常规加热法所得的实验数据比较,微波辐射法得到的收率高,产物纯度高.因此,微波辐射法具有反应速度快、转化率高、产物纯度高等优点.用微波辐射法合成乙酰苯胺既能很好地解决目前学生实验学时紧张的教学问题,又能达到很好的实验效果.

Improvement of Teaching Effect by a New Synthesis Method of N-acetylanilide

N-acetylanilide was synthesized by conventional heating and microwave irradiation.The results showed that the optimal synthesized time was 45 min for conventional heating and 4 min for microwave irradiation.Compared with conventional heating,the reaction time of microwave irradiation was significantly shortened.The conversion ratio of the microwave irradiation treatment increased by about 30% compared to that of the procedure of 30 min reaction of conventional heating proposed in the experiment textbook.Moreover,the isolated yield and purity of the product by microwave irradiation were higher and better than those of conventional heating.Therefore,the microwave irradiation method can substantially shorten the reaction time,remarkably increase reaction yield and greatly improve the purity of the product compared to conventional heating synthesis.So,microwave irradiation is recommended as a time-saving method for N-acetylanilide synthesis experiment in universities.