成都麻羊与四川肉用黑山羊地方品种产乳性能研究

测定成都麻羊和四川肉用黑山羊地方品种羔羊哺乳期母羊的产乳量、乳常规营养成分、乳蛋白组分和乳酪蛋白遗传多态性.结果表明,母羊哺乳期的产乳量(kg)成都麻羊、金堂黑山羊、乐至黑山羊、自贡黑山羊和建昌黑山羊相应分别为46.15±1.78,101.67±4.93,85.76±3.36,54.32±6.64和36.65±2.65,成都麻羊极显著低于金堂黑山羊、乐至黑山羊(P<0.01),而极显著高于建昌黑山羊P<0.01)与自贡黑山羊差异不显著(P>0.05);乳中常规营养成分含量(g/L)均较高,范围乳脂为58.59～60.52、乳蛋白为44.18～46.37和乳糖为44.00～47.30;经产母羊常乳主要蛋白组分的相对含量(%)范围α-La为5.35～5.80,β-Lg为14.46～15.18,CN为70.04～71.01,IgG为7.04～7.31,SA为2.02～2.15,品种间差异不显著(P>0.05);酪蛋白电泳染色显示出α-CN和β-CN图带,α-CN均呈现4种不同的带型αS1-CN(H),αS1-CN(L)、αS2-CN(CC)型和αS2CN(CD),其中均以αS2-CN(CD)占优势.β-CN呈现单态,带型为β-CN(AB).     

Polyamine-dependent gene expression

The polyamines spermidine and spermine along with the diamine putrescine are involved in many cellular processes, including chromatin condensation, maintenance of DNA structure, RNA processing, translation and protein activation. The polyamines influence the formation of compacted chromatin and have a well-established role in DNA aggregation. Polyamines are used in the posttranslational modification of eukaryotic initiation factor 5A, which regulates the transport and processing of specific RNA. The polyamines also participate in a novel RNA-decoding mechanism, a translational frameshift, of at least two known genes, the TY1 transposon and mammalian antizyme. Polyamines are crucial for their own regulation and are involved in feedback mechanisms affecting both polyamine synthesis and catabolism. Recently, it has become apparent that the polyamines are able to influence the action of the protein kinase casein kinase 2. Here we address several roles of polyamines in gene expression.Received 27 November 2002; received after revision 9 January 2003; accepted 31 January 2003     

胰蛋白和木瓜蛋白酶酶解酪蛋白产物的免疫活性

通过给小白鼠注射胰蛋白酶和木瓜蛋白酶酶解酪蛋白产物,测定免疫器官重量、外周血白细胞数和E-玫瑰花环形成率研究酶解产物的免疫活性.结果发现两种酶的酶解物对由环磷酰胺所引起的免疫器官重量下降以及白细胞数的减少具有一定的抑制作用;并且两种酶解物也能够抑制环磷酰胺所引起的花环形成率下降.提示两种酶的酶解物对小鼠的免疫活性可能具有增强趋势.     

Bitter peptides and bitter taste receptors

Bitter peptides are a structurally diverse group of oligopeptides often generated in fermented, aged, and hydrolyzed food products that make them unfavorable for consumption. Humans perceive bitterness by a repertoire of 25 human bitter receptors, termed T2Rs. Knowledge of the structural features of bitter receptors and of the factors that stimulate bitter receptors will aid in understanding the mechanism responsible for bitter taste perception. This article reviews the current knowledge regarding structural features of bitter peptides and bitter taste receptors. Received 24 November 2008; received after revision 11 December 2008; accepted 16 December 2008     

椰壳活性炭共价固载木瓜蛋白酶的研究

将椰壳活性炭进行可控氧化及硅烷偶联剂（APTMs）反应后,与戊二醛交联,成功地共价固载了木瓜蛋白酶．木瓜蛋白酶固载量为15mg／g,固载酶的最佳活性pH值为7．4,温度为50℃．与游离酶相比,固定化酶的温度、pH稳定性明显提高．溶液酶和固定化酶的Km分别为0．86mol／L和0．95mol／L,Vm分别为0．603和0．528mol·s^-1·g^-1．     

响应面法优化酶法制备酪蛋白糖巨肽的工艺条件

采用Minitab方法设计实验,对影响酪蛋白糖巨肽制备的酶解因素进行优化,发现酶解时间、酶解温度、酶解pH、酶与底物比是影响酶解酪蛋白的主要因素.由于唾液酸是酪蛋白糖巨肽的特征性组分,本文以唾液酸的含量表征酶解上清液中酪蛋白糖巨肽的含量.根据Minitab分析的结果,采用Design Expert软件中水平设计和响应面分析法对影响酪蛋白糖巨肽产量的主要因素进行优化,建立唾液酸含量A580对酶解主要条件的二次回归模型,其回归方程的决定系数达到了0.962,9.得到的最佳酶解条件为:酶解时间80,min,酶解温度42.5,℃,酶解pH 6.28,酶与底物比270,U/g.唾液酸含量A580最高为0.653,此时酪蛋白糖巨肽的得率为17.91 mg/g.     

酪蛋白作载体的葡萄糖生物传感器的研究

本文以酪蛋白作载体蛋白，通过电化学方法将其吸附在铂电极表面，再用戊二醛将葡萄糖氧化酶固定在电极 上，制成葡萄糖生物传感器。该传感器具有灵敏度高，响应速度快特点。     

全效利用乳酪蛋白制备CPPs与CNPPs研究进展

综述了国内外酪蛋白源生物活性肽产品的开发研究进展,综合国内外市场酪蛋白磷酸肽(CPPs)开发现状,提出了开发CPPs的同时充分利用酪蛋白非磷酸肽(CNPPs),在工业化规模上全面利用酪蛋白资源生产生物活性肽的建议.     

成都麻羊与四川9个黑山羊品种(群体)乳的生化组成及酪蛋白多态性研究

采用常规方法测定成都麻羊和四川9个黑山羊品种(群体)乳常规营养成分含量;以垂直板电泳经考马斯亮蓝染色分析乳蛋白组成;用碱性尿素电泳法分析酪蛋白多态性.结果表明,成都麻羊乳常规营养成分含量(g/L):乳蛋白为45.77±2.24、乳糖为44.00±3.20、乳脂肪为59.50±3.30.成都麻羊和四川9个黑山羊品种(群体)乳蛋白含量(g/L)范围为41.36～46.37,以营山黑山羊最低(41.36),金堂黑山羊最高(46.37),差异极显著(P<0.01);乳糖含量(g/L)范围为44.00～47.30,以成都麻羊最低(44.00),金堂黑山羊最高(47.30),差异极显著(P<0.01);乳脂含量(g/L)范围为55.45～60.52,以白玉黑山羊最低(55.45),自贡黑山羊最高(60.52),差异极显著(P<0.01).成都麻羊乳蛋白组分含量(%):α-La为5.80±0.61,β-Lg为14.77±0.26,CN为70.04±2.55,IgG为7.31±0.83,SA为2.08±0.23.成都麻羊与四川9个黑山羊品种(群体)乳蛋白组分含量(%)范围:α-La为5.35～5.96,β-Lg为14.46～15.87,CN为68.42～71.01,IgG为7.04～7.34,SA为2.02～2.40.在供试山羊品种(群体)中β-CN呈单态,带型为β-CN(AB);α-CN均呈现:αS1-CN(H),αS1-CN(L)、αS2-CN(CC)和αS2-CN(CD),在建昌黑山羊和白玉黑山羊中,还存在αS2-CN(DD).对αS2-CN遗传多态型与乳常规营养成分含量进行多重比较发现,在建昌黑山羊和白玉黑山羊中,αS2-CN(CC)型和αS2-CN(CD)型乳脂含量显著高于αS2-CN(DD)型的乳脂含量(P<0.05).     

Preparation of ( )-1-Phenylethylamine by Optical Resolution of Racemic 1-Phenylethylamine with a Chiral Biopolymer,Casein

1 Results It has been reported that crystalline form racemates can be resoluted by various methods[1],but for optical resolution of liquid form racemates,the method is limited in chromatograph.So chiral compounds cannot be obtained on large scale by such method.In our previous paper,( )-3-chloro-1,2-propanediol has been obtained by optical resolution of its racemata (liquid) with a chiral biopolymer,casein[2].