海水提升法试采南海天然气水合物的可行性分析

海洋天然气水合物的开采方法是当今天然气水合物研究的一大热点.通过对南海海域天然气水合物成藏机理的分析,提出了使用海水提升法开采海底天然气水合物的新模式.介绍了海水提升系统的组成和工作原理,提出了水力输送设备的相关参数,并对使用该方法的产气量及能效进行了简单评估.结果显示这种方法具有产量大、能效高的特点,运用该方法在南海采集天然气水合物是可行的.海水提升法开采天然气水合物克服了其他传统天然气水合物开采方法面临的技术难题,为海洋天然气水合物的开采研究提供了一种新思路及技术支撑.     

礼乐盆地漂移前的位置探讨*

新南海(中央海盆)扩张,礼乐盆地从南海北缘漂移到现今的位置;由于礼乐盆地主成盆期发生在新南海扩张之前,探讨礼乐盆地漂移前(主成盆期)的位置,可明确盆地主成盆期的构造演化与盆地性质、物源体系与沉积充填特征、烃源岩的生烃潜力及凹陷优选。利用综合类比研究方法,通过磁条带异常、新生代基底岩性、中生代地层展布和古生物特征等四个方面分析认为,礼乐盆地与珠江口盆地东侧具有相似的中生代地层岩性、地层展布特征、古生物特征和沉积环境;说明礼乐盆地主成盆期发育期间,即在新南海扩张之前的古新世-早渐新世期间(32~65)Ma,盆地位于中沙群岛与东沙群岛之间,更靠近珠江口盆地的潮汕坳陷。     

南海成因：岩石圈破裂与俯冲带相互作用新认识

 南海深部计划与国际大洋钻探航次取得了一系列创新进展与重大突破：1）发现南海陆缘岩石圈减薄之初未出现地幔蛇纹岩出露，且岩浆迅速出现；2）新提出南海不是“小大西洋”，而是“板缘张裂”盆地，与经典的大西洋型“板内张裂”陆缘模式不同；3）揭示南海受到俯冲带的强烈控制，提出俯冲诱发地幔上涌并影响南海岩浆活动。     

新生代早期南海北部水系演变

 珠江在早渐新世仅是涉及华南沿海地区的小河；到晚渐新世，向西延伸到云贵高原前缘地带；到中新世，现代珠江流域格局初步形成。证据显示，南海北部还发育过一条源自南海西部隆起区的大型水系-昆莺琼古河，后淹没在南海之中，但在南海的沉积充填过程中扮演了重要角色。南海北部水系及沉积环境的重建，对于深刻认识南海新生代早期古地理特征以及该地区的油气勘探均具有重要意义。     

南海深海盆的沉积充填

 依据大洋钻探井及地震剖面资料，定量确定南海同扩张期和后扩张期深海盆沉积充填差异及沉积物来源变化。研究显示，南海深海盆自渐新世（32 Ma）开始形成，随着南海二次扩张海盆范围逐渐扩大，海盆内主要充填火山碎屑角砾岩及火山灰，碳酸盐岩、超微化石软泥，泥质粘土、粉砂质粘土、泥岩及粉细砂岩。深海盆充填主要沉积物为晚中新世（11.6Ma）以来的陆源碎屑沉积，丰富陆源碎屑的供给与南海闭合过程中同期区域构造事件（如青藏高原快速隆升、菲律宾板块俯冲）密切相关，也与晚中新世以来东亚季风增强以及源区强烈的风化剥蚀有关。     

南海深海塑料垃圾污染

 渔业捕捞及商业航运活动的塑料排放是南海深海塑料污染的主要来源。南海深海微塑料污染始于20世纪80年代，具有明显陆源输入的特征，陆架近岸区域微塑料污染严重。陆坡深海峡谷是塑料/微塑料向深海盆地输运的主要通道，近底浊流在输运中发挥了重要作用。综述了南海海底塑料垃圾深潜研究的最新进展，首次提出了深海塑料垃圾生态系统的概念。     

A review of three species of Hesperonoe (Annelida: Polynoidae) in Asia,with descriptions of two new species and a new record of Hesperonoe hwanghaiensis from Korea

A taxonomic review of three Asian species of Hesperonoe (Annelida: Polynoidae) is presented. Hesperonoe hwanghaiensis Uschakov and Wu, 1959 Uschakov PV, Wu B. 1959. [The polychaete worms of the families Phyllodocidae and Aphroditidae (Polychaeta, errantia) from the Yellow Sea]. Arch Inst Oceanol Sinica. 1:1–40, pls. I–X. (In Chinese and Russian). [Google Scholar] (type locality: Qingdao, China) is redescribed based on five specimens collected from an intertidal site in the Korean coast of the Yellow Sea, as a new record of this species from Korea, which is the only known habitat outside the type locality. Hesperonoe coreensis sp. nov. is described based on nine specimens collected from two intertidal sites in the Korean coast of the Yellow Sea, including the same site as the habitat of H. hwanghaiensis. Hesperonoe japonensis sp. nov. is described by re-examination of many specimens collected from eight intertidal sites and a subtidal one in Japan, which was previously misidentified as H. hwanghaiensis. The three species are clearly distinguishable from one another by the species-specific morphology of the macrotubercles (or marked ridges) on the surface of elytra. All of the three species seemed to be commensal with the burrowing mud shrimp Upogebia major in intertidal flats, except for an additional probable host of another upogebid shrimp Austinogebia narutensis for H. japonensis sp. nov. in a subtidal habitat. The morphological characteristics and host species of the three Asian species are compared with all of the other five congeners known from the North American Pacific and Arctic Sea.

http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:51CB5C5B-0838-48AC-A0BA-8E63AA7628CB     

Deep-living demersal fishes in the Catalan Sea (western Mediterranean) below a depth of 1000 m

An extensive survey of the deep-living fishes of the Catalan Sea (western Mediterranean) recorded 31 species in 19 families and 29 genera from 100 samples at depths between 960 and 2251 m. Chlorophthalmidae, Moridae and Macrouridae accounted for nearly 85% of all specimens taken. In biomass terms, Hexanchidae, Moridae, Alepocephalidae and Chlorophthalmidae were the most important families. A quantitative model of the bathymetric distribution of the species is presented. The ‘centre of gravity’ of species’ distribution and the habitat width, a measure of the distribution heterogeneity, are also given. Out of the 31 demersal species caught, the distributions of only 13 are centered below 1000 m. The Mediterranean deep-sea ichthyofauna is very impoverished in comparison with the adjacent Atlantic Basin fauna.     

A new species of Didogobius (Teleostei: Gobiidae) from the Adriatic Sea

Didogobius schlieweni sp. nov. is described from a single specimen collected among pebbles in shallow water at Unije island, near Cres, in the northern Adriatic Sea. The holotype has vivid dark and pale patterning, and is assigned to Didogobius on the basis of head neuromast patterns and meristic features. Diagnostic values of the latter are D2 I/12, A I/11, P 17, and LL 55–56. A key to species of the Chromogobius and Didogobius complex is provided.     

解析《老人与海》中的梦

《老人与海》中多次提到梦,特别是梦中的"海滩"、"海豚"、"狮子"等梦元素。这些元素除了塑造"硬汉"积极向上的形象之外,还折射出一种成熟的人生观和世界观。