FeCo-based hybrid MOF derived active species for effective oxygen evolution

Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) have been regarded as promising catalyst materials due to the richness of coordinately unsaturated metal sites on the surface,which can act as catalytic active centres.In this study,a hybrid MOF material composed of Fe-based MOF and Co-based MOF was prepared with the involvement of graphene oxide nanosheets as additive.It was demonstrated that the hybrid MOF materials showed much higher electro-catalytic activity towards oxygen evolution than the single-phase counterparts.To drive current density of 10 mA cm~(-2),the hybrid CoFe-based MOF only needed an over potential of 290 mV in 1 M KOH.The catalytic activity could sustain for a longer time with only slight current density decrease.During oxygen evolution operation,the MOF catalyst evolved into catalytic active species but kept well the microscale sheet-like structure.It is thus believed that this study will provide an avenue for the development of advanced electrocatalysts.     

氧同位素标准样品的研制

使用高纯同位素物质精确配制同位素混合物,作为标准物,确定质谱仪器的系统误差。本工作用天然丰度水定量稀释高浓重氧水,制取从0.1982至96.92原子％~(18)O的氧同位素标准水样,用来校准质谱仪器。 实验采用BrF_5将水样转化成O_2。用质谱峰高法测定(18)~O和(17)~O丰度。比较质谱测定值和计算得到的丰度值C,求出质谱仪固有偏差校正系数K、并得到K与C的线性相关关系。 共得到16个具有准确丰度值的氧同位素标准水样。     

氧气管道爆炸因素分析及预防措施

通过实例从管网内部杂质、金属氧化热及流速变化等方面，对引起氧气管道爆炸所产生的和了理论分析，并结合实际从设计施工和操作运行两方面提出了具体的预防措施。     

CODCr测定中氯离子的干扰及消除方法研究

通过实验研究氯离子对CODCr测定的干扰程度，采用硫酸汞掩蔽法，氯离子扣除法．稀释倍数法等方法去除氯离子的干扰，最终确定出处理的最佳方案是在不掩蔽氯离子条件下，对水样中氯离子产生的CODCr值进行扣除、且实验证明此种方法对实际水样同样适用。方法适用氯离子范围为0～8000mg/L。     

用氧弹量热计测定钠与水的反应热

利用氧弹燃烧热法测定物质燃烧热原理，对氧弹量热计进行改造，用自编的计算机程序进行数据处理，测定了金属钠与水反应的反应热，实验结果与理论值基本一致，相对误差为4．62％。     

多功能激光血流血氧检测系统的研制

随着电子技术、激光技术和计算机技术的飞速发展，生物医学仪器亦有了长足的进步，研究无创伤、微型化和智能化的医疗器械已成为国内外学关注的热点．特别是各种无创检测设备的问世，标志着生物医学仪器的发展水平，同样也倍受广大患的青睐．本科研组在长期研究无创伤检测技术的基础上，成功地将激光多普勒血流参数、脉搏血氧和脑血氧饱和度的检测集成于一个系统中．其中的关键是：完成了多功能传感探头的设计，此探头可以根据需要准确地调节光源与接收器之间的距离，能够组成血流检测传感器、脉搏血氧和脑血氧检测传感器等，为医学与生理学研究提供了极大的便利；还明确提出了脑血氧饱和度的实用算法；优化了激光多普勒血流参数的DSP(数字信号处理)算法，即功率谱估算方法；以及尽量采用新型元器件，如用半导体激光器作为光源，达林顿光敏三极管作为信号接收器等．本较详细地阐述了系统的测量原理和软硬件设计。     

Transition-metal-doped Fe2O3 nanoparticles for oxygen evolution reaction

Hematite(α-Fe_2O_3)has been extensively studied as a promising photocatalyst,with the capacity to split water under visible light.To tune its electronic structure and improve the performance for oxygen evolution reaction(OER),high-quality single crystals ofα-Fe_2O_3nanoparticles were synthesized and doped by various transition metals(M=V,Cr,Mn,Zn,Co,Ni,Cu,Nb,Mo,Ti)by a molten-salt flux method.Optical,electronic and catalytic properties of transition-metal-dopedα-Fe_2O_3(TM-dopedα-Fe_2O_3)have been systematically investigated.Cobalt has been identified as the best dopant forα-Fe_2O_3,reducing the OER overpotential by 0.16 V with respect to the undoped.     

Benthic foraminiferal δ~(13)C minimum events in the southeastern Okhotsk Sea over the last 180 ka

A total of six d13C minimum events,i.e.,VI,V,IV,III,II,and I,were observed via a stable carbon and oxygen isotope analysis of infaunal benthic foraminifera Uvigerina spp.in gravity core OS03-1 in the southeastern Okhotsk Sea over the last 180 ka.These events occurred at112–109,102–90,85–76,57–54,44–40,and 17–10 ka BP.The largest negative excursions reached 2.5%in event V and were greater than 1%in the other events.We proposed that all d13C minimum events were caused by the increase in sea surface water productivity,the weakened formation of Okhotsk Sea intermediate water,and the enhancement of the oxygen minimum zone.The negative excursions were unaffected by methane hydrate destabilization and subsequent methane release based on the results obtained by using archaeal lipid markers.     

高海拔地区室内富氧浓度安全试验研究

室内富氧可以改善人在高海拔地区的缺氧状况,同时也会带来火灾危险,室内富氧的安全控制已成为重要的研究课题.文章对高海拔地区室内环境富氧条件下滤纸的燃烧速度和安全富氧浓度上限进行了试验研究,并对高海拔地区的富氧安全问题进行了分析.结果表明,在不同海拔地区,室内环境维持相同的氧分压时,滤纸的燃烧速度会随着海拔的升高而显著增加,如果不考虑当地的海拔高度而只以氧分压作为参考会带来火灾危险,但存在富氧的安全氧浓度上限,该氧浓度上限值与环境压力的关系为Y=27.91×exp(-P/44.78)+20.09;海拔不同,富氧到安全氧浓度上限时所对应的相当海拔也不同,该相当海拔与实际海拔的关系为H’=-0.68841+0.63893H+0.0048H2;在海拔高度低于5.55km的地区,通过对室内环境富氧可以安全地将相当海拔降低到3km以下.     

刺五加对清除氧自由基的作用

氧自由基是机体正常代谢的中间产物。心肌细胞缺血损伤时,可产生大量的氧自由基。超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)是氧自由基的清除剂。本文通过测定SOD活性,发现豚鼠于静滴哇巴因中毒出现室早时,SOD活性有明显降低。给予静注刺五加后,SOD活性迅速提高,与对照组比较,有非常显著的差异(P<0.01)。