氟塑料合金高温摩擦学特性的试验研究

在销盘式试验机上对氟塑料合金(F50-1)的高温摩擦学特性进行了试验研究。试验结果表明,在高温(100℃)、大含砂量(3％)的泥浆和高比压(4～6.9N/mm~2)的条件下,氟塑料合金的耐磨性与聚四氟乙烯相近,不适于作涡轮钻具摩擦副。     

稀土元素对ZL104合金作用的研究

富铈混合稀土(0.15-1.1%RE)及含稀土的复合添加剂对Al-Si-Mg系ZL104合金中共晶硅相生长方式和形貌有明显的影响,促使其由板片状转化为纤维状变质结构。借助于电子探针对稀土的分布进行定量分析,证实稀土在硅相中分布均匀,含量小于0.045Wt%。试验添加0.15-0.35%RE时合金具有最佳机械性能和良好的净化作用。     

时效对Cu-Cr-Zr合金显微硬度及导电率的影响

探讨了时效工艺及形变量对Cu 0 .3Cr 0 .15Zr合金显微硬度及导电率的影响。结果表明 ,合金经 92 0℃固溶处理后在 4 2 0℃及 4 6 0℃时效可分别达到较好的硬度和导电率 ,分别达 183HV和 6 8%IACS ;时效前对合金加以适当冷变形可加速合金时效析出过程。影响合金导电率的主要因素是基体中固溶元素的含量 ,含量越高 ,导电率越低 ,反之则越高。而时效前冷变形可以增加合金内部位错等缺陷的数量 ,加速了合金第二相的析出。     

Effects of minor B additions on tensile strength,fracture toughness and oxidation resistance of Nb–Si based alloys

The effects of minor additions of B on microstructure, ambient tensile strength, fracture toughness and high-temperature oxidation resistance of Nb–Si based alloys were investigated. The added contents were designed as 0.05, 0.10 and 0.20 ?at.%. The results show constituent phases in 0.05B and 0.20B alloys were Nbss, α-Nb₅Si₃; while only 0.10B alloy consisted of γ-Nb₅Si₃. Minor B was prioritized into Nbss and redundant one dissolved into silicide enhanced volume fraction of the silicide. With increasing concentrations of boron, the microstructure was refined at first and then coarsened, while the tensile strength was enhanced remarkably. Compared with other two alloys, the 0.10B alloy containing γ-Nb₅Si₃ shows both the best fracture toughness and oxidation resistance. The important roles of γ-Nb₅Si₃ in balancing overall properties are emphasized.     

时效对Cu-1.0Ni-0.25Si-0.10Zn合金硬度与导电率的影响

分析了时效与冷变形对Cu 1.0Ni 0 .2 5Si 0 .10Zn合金的硬度与导电率的影响规律 ,结果表明 :合金经 85 0℃固溶处理后在 4 5 0℃时效时 ,第二相呈弥散分布 ,表现出较大的稳定性 ,在 5 2 5℃时效时第二相的析出速度较快 ,时效后可获得较高的导电率 ;时效前的冷变形可以加速时效析出过程 ,在时效的初期尤为明显。合金采用分级时效工艺处理后 ,可得到高的硬度 (HV171)和较高的导电率 (5 9.5 %IACS)。     

Ti与过渡族fcc金属二元合金的AEAM模型形成焓计算

运用普适AEAM模型理论，系统地研究了Ti与fcc金属组成的二元合金系统形成焓，并将计算结果同已有的试验结果的Ti-Cu系统进行了比较．结果表明，对于Ti-Cu系统，符合得比较好．从而说明，普适AEAM模型理论在研究Ti与fcc金属组成的二元合金的系统形成焓时是合理的．图2，参8．     

CO2 activation on bimetallic CuNi nanoparticles

A trio of thiolate-protected atomically precise gold nanoclusters, [Au23(S-c-C6H11)16]–, Au24(SCH2pHtBu)20 and [Au25(SCH2CH2pH)18]–, are utilized as catalysts for 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) reduction to 4-aminophenol (4-AP). Despite nearly identical sizes (~1 nm), the three nanoclusters possess distinctly different atomic packing structures and surface ligand binding modes, which contribute to different catalytic performance. The [Au23(S-c-C6H11)16]– nanocluster shows the highest activity with a kinetic rate constant of 0.0370 s?1, which is higher than those of Au24(SCH2pHtBu)20 (0.0090 s?1) and [Au25(SCH2CH2pH)18]– (0.0242 s?1). Such a trio of gold nanoclusters indicate that the atomic packing mode and electronic structure play a crucial role in determining their catalytic performance.     

以Ni─P为基质的SiC和WC耐磨复合镀层

研究了以Ｎｉ─Ｐ为基质，ＳｉＣ、ＷＣ为分散剂，镀液中加入混合稀土的两种耐磨复合镀层。结果表明：Ｎｉ─Ｐ─ＳｉＣ和Ｎｉ─Ｐ─ＷＣ镀层的抗擦伤式磨损能力分别为Ｑ２３５钢试件的５倍和４．５倍。还研究了颗粒浓度和镀时等因素对耐磨性能的影响。     

Behaviors and interactions of strengthening and constraint for ductile Nbss matrix in Nb–Si based alloys

The ductile matrix in composites could be strengthened by incorporating brittle inclusions, while the constraint effect for matrix would become more obvious and detrimental to material toughening. The balance between strengthening and toughening was crucial to achieve excellent comprehensive mechanical properties. Upon the basis of microstructure of Nb–Si in situ composites, a unit rectangular cell containing elastic and isotropic Nb₅Si₃ particles was modeled, the Niobium solid solution (Nb_ss) matrix according with the Ramberg-Osgood constitutive relation was recognized as elastic-plastic. For Nb–Si based alloys, the effects of volume fractions of Nb₅Si₃ reinforcements, stress states and interfacial characteristics on the stress-strain field, flow localization and damage evolution were investigated by the finite element method (FEM). Further, the normalized work of rupture (χ) was calculated quantitatively as a function of volume fractions of Nb₅Si₃ phase as well as yield strength of Nb_ss matrix. These results would contribute to acquire more fundamental understanding of the strengthening and constraint effects which were exerted by Nb₅Si₃ reinforcements to ductile Nb_ss matrix, also an instructive guidance for the optimum design of Nb–Si based alloys.     

时效处理对Cu-Fe-P合金硬度和导电率的影响

研究了时效及时效前的冷变形和时效后冷却方式对Cu 2 .5wt? 0 .0 3wt%P合金显微硬度和导电率的影响。结果表明 ,合金固溶后 ,时效前冷变形可促进析出相形核和生长 ,而时效后炉冷比空冷更易获得较高导电率 ;在 5 2 5℃时效 3h ,随炉缓冷可使合金导电率达 6 7%IACS ,再经 80 %冷变形 ,4 2 0℃时效 3h后 ,可以使合金导电率和显微硬度进一步提高 ,精整变形后 ,分别达 6 8%IACS和 14 5HV。