中国北方汉族人群PPAR6基因C／T多态研究

为研究中国汉族群体PPARδ基因C294T酶切位点的遗传多态性以及该位点的具体多态形式,采用PCR-RFLP技术对329例无血缘关系的健康中国北方汉族人的染色体进行检测．用卡方检验对所得等位基因频率、基因型频率进行分析,实验结果与其他种族进行比较．结果显示C294T位点存在多态性,等位基因频率rc=25．9％,rT=74．1％;基因型频率rc/c=6．1％,rc/T=39．8％,rT／T=54．1％;经卡方检验符合Hardy-Weinberg遗传平衡定律;认为中国汉族群体PPARδ基因C294T酶切位点也具有遗传多态性．其基因型频率和等位基因频率在男女间没有显著性差异,与德国人群有显著性差异;与瑞典人群相比有极显著差异,而与韩国人相比没有显著性差异．     

Mitochondrial DNA variation in social wasps (Hymenoptera,Vespidae)

Summary Patterns of restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) of European Vespinae were more similar within genera than between them. Distance trees were constructed that support the hypothesis of monophyly of the generaVespula andDolichovespula. Within the genusVespula, V. germanica was more closely related toV. rufa than toV. vulgaris. The position of the genusVespa remained uncertain due to the precision limits of the RFLP technique.     

Physical location of terminal markers belonging to five linkage groups in maize RFLP map using in situ hybridization

Ten terminal or subterminal RFLP markers belonging to linkage groups 1, 3, 5, 6, and 10 in maize RFLP map were physically locted onto maize mitotic chromosomes with in situ hybridization. All biotinylated probes from 600 to 2 250 bp were detected by DAB staining. The markers belonging to linkage groups 1, 3, 5, 6, and 10 correspondingly located at the chromosomes 1, 3, 5, 6, and 10. All of the tested markers except bnl6.25 and umc44 were duplicated sequences. Each of them was also labeled on another chromosome besides on the chromosome corresponding to its linkage group. The marker bnl3. 04 was triplicated sequences and the signals were detected on three nonhomologous chromosomes. In the tested ten markers, there were only four located at the ends of corresponding chromosomes. Others were located at sites midway along the chromosome arms or near the centromeres. The region covered by two terminal or subterminal markers in each of linkage groups 1, 3, 5, and 6 occupied 80.02%, 38.25%, 82.30% and 51.16% of the region of both short and long arms in chromosomes 1, 3, 5, and 6 respectively. Only two terminal markers of linkage group 10 covered the whole chromosome 10. In some linkage groups, two terminal or subterminal markers covered a short genetic distance but were physically distant, while two covering a longer genetic distance were physically closer. Supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Doctorate Vesting Point Foundation of the Education Committec of the People's Republic of China Mao Ninghui: born in 1986, used to be an MS student of Wuhan University in 1992–1995 and now is working in Fudan University, Shanghai 200433     

内蒙古白绒山羊不同放牧期瘤胃甲烷菌mcrA基因的RFLP分析

分析不同放牧期内蒙古绒山羊瘤胃中甲烷细菌的种群组成.选取甲烷菌mcrA基因的特异性引物序列,对瘤胃液中提取的细菌总DNA进行PCR扩增,建立甲烷细菌特异性的mcrA基因文库.用限制性内切酶TapⅠ对该文库特异性片段进行限制性内切片段长度多态性分析(RFLP).结果表明牧草生长幼嫩期、旺盛期和枯草期随机挑选的特异性克隆片段分别为115、105和112,分成6个RFLP类型,每期的不同类型占了所有分析克隆子的比例分别为36%、28%、20%、3.5%、3.5%和9%;38%、27%、18%、7%、5.5%和4.5%;35%、24%、18%、6.5%、3%和13.5%.     

rDNA指纹图的建立及其在细菌分类鉴定中的应用

应用PCR技术,从大肠杆菌中分别扩增出16S、23S核糖体RNA基因(rDNA),以[a-32P]bATP经缺口平移法标记rDNA后作为广谱探针.选用BamhⅠ、EcoRⅠ、HndⅢ等不同限制酶,对肠杆菌科细菌及一起沙门氏菌食物中毒暴发分离株进行染色体DNA酶切,凝胶电泳分离各片段后,通过Southem杂交,获得各菌株rDNA指纹图.每个细菌都可以从rDNA的限制性片段长度多态性(RFLP)得到鉴定,rDNA指纹图显示出种特异性,明确地区分出引起食物中毒的可疑传染源.该法特异性强、重复性好,既可用于细菌的分类鉴定,也可作为分子流行病学调查的工具.     

Construction of AFLP-based genetic linkage maps for the Chinese shrimp Fenneropaeneus chinensis

Fenneropaeneus chinensis is an important species in marine fishery resources and aquaculture in China. A genetic linkage map is essential for improving the efficiency of its breeding by marker-assisted selection and identifying commercially important genes. Linkage maps of F. chinensis were constructed with an F2 mapping population （110 progenies） using amplified fragment length polymorphic （AFLP） marker in this study. Fifty-five AFLP primer combinations produced 532 AFLP markers fitting for map strategy in mapping family. The markers with 3：1 segregating ratios were analyzed using F2 intercross model for the common linkage map, while the markers with 1：1 ratio were analyzed using the pseudo-testcross strategy. The maps of male, female and common were constructed. The female map included 103 markers that formed 28 linkage groups, covering a total length of 1090 cM. All markers were linked with the linkage groups. Segregation distortion was observed for 6 of 103 markers in the female map. The average distance between markers was 14.53 cM and ranged from 4.4 to 24.8 cM. The male map included 144 markers that formed 35 linkage groups. Ten markers remained unlinked in male map. Segregation distortion was observed for 7 of 144 markers in the male map. The total distance of male map covered 1617 cM. The average distance between markers was 16.36 cM. The male map was 32.6% longer than the female map, which may reflect sex-specific recombination rates in Chinese shrimp. The common map was composed of 216 markers, including in 44 linkage groups covering a total distance of 1772.1 cM. Two markers remained unlinked. No distorted markers of 216 markers were shown in the common map. The distance between markers was 10.42 cM. An average estimated genome size for the Chinese shrimp was 2420 cM, which was consistent with the relative size of the Penaeid genome. The distribution of AFLP markers was relatively even in chromosomes of Chinese shrimp maps. The linkage analysis presented in this work provided some insight     

利用AFLP技术分析果蝇黑疱翅突变体

参考家蚕AFLP构建遗传连锁图的构建方法,建立了适于果蝇的AFLP反应体系.利用该AFLP反应体系分析了果蝇黑疱翅突变体基因组与其亲本黄身果蝇的差别,得到数个差异片段,散布于果蝇2,3号染色体上.     

中国人HLA抗原中DQA基因的PCR-RFLP方法分型探索

人类的白细胞膜上存在着一类与组织免疫相容性有关的抗原，统称为HLA抗原．本文报道了用PCRRFLP方法．对我国少量人群HLA抗原基因群中DQA基因的分型探索情况，为在我国普及开展这方面的工作提供一点可借鉴的资料。     

65个菊花栽培品种遗传多样性的AFLP分析

利用AFLP技术, 对65个菊花品种进行了遗传多样性分析.选用6对多态性高、分辨力强的引物组合分别对供试材料的基因组DNA进行扩增, 共获得244条清晰可辨的谱带, 其中多态性带178条, 多态位点百分率达72.95%,揭示了菊花栽培种质丰富的遗传多样性.对AFLP扩增结果采用UPGMA法进行聚类分析,多数瓣型相同的菊花种质表现出较为密切的亲缘关系,地域来源与聚类结果也有一定程度的相关性,而花色与聚类结果无明显的相关性.     

坛紫菜种质资源遗传多样性的AFLP分析

利用AFLP技术从基因组DNA水平上分析福建省主要坛紫菜栽培品系和诱变筛选获得的突变品系的遗传差异,在25对引物中,有11对能得到重复性好的多态性扩增条带,总共在667个位点能扩增出条带,每对引物扩增带数为24~90条,并且各对引物扩增结果均显示样品间存在差异.共得到522条多态性条带,占总扩增带的78.3%.根据AFLP图谱计算了不同样品间的遗传距离(D)和相似性系数(GS).优良品系GL和CCS之间的遗传距离最小,仅为0.264,不同样品间的相似性系数介于0.602~0.736之间.并根据D值绘制了它们的UPGMA聚类图谱.