在Triton X—100存在下,用2-(5-溴-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二乙胺基苯酚(5-Br-PADAP)分光光度测定方钍石中的钍

方钍石是钍来源的重要含钍矿物。目前测定钍的含量的方法较多,虽有用5-Br-PADAP测定钍的方法的报导,但未见有在triton X-100存在下,用5-Br-PADAP直接测定方钍石中钍的含量的报导。Triton X-100的存在,使测定的酸度增加,从而增加干扰元素的干扰比;并且增加了络合物的稳定时间。本文采用5-Br-PADAP作显色剂,在氯乙酸-氯乙酸钠缓冲体系中用triton X-100表面活性剂胶束增溶分光光度测定方钍石(人工样品)中钍的含量,获得较满意的结果。在25毫升中,钍的比耳定律范围在0～20微克,摩尔吸光系数为5.2×10~4升·摩尔~(-1)·厘米~(-1),Sandell灵敏度为0.0045微克钍(IV)/厘米~2。我们对两种含量的方钍石人工样品进行了测试,结果良好,回收率在97.3～101.4％之间,此方法可靠,精密度较高,误差符合微量组分的测定要求,我们对样品测定结果表示满意。     

袋装砂井施工工艺及质量控制

介绍了广肇高速公路1-B标段软基处理中的袋装砂井施工工艺与工程质量控制,并列出了部份监测结果.     

浅埋煤层开采中的溃沙灾害研究

分析了浅埋煤层开采的水文条件和工程地质条件，得出了浅埋煤层发生渍沙灾害必须具备的4个条件；根据浅埋煤层中组合关键层的一些参数分析了老顶破断岩块的运动规律，判断了浅埋煤层开采中岩块是否发生回转失稳，探讨了岩块回转触矸后发生滑落失稳的可能性，计算了断裂岩块端角接触面高度，得出了满足裂隙滤沙的合理端角接触面高度；大柳塔1203工作面开采只发生了涌水而未溃沙，这和理论计算的结论基本一致．参8．     

三维重构下整体形状参数的砂土渗透性分析

颗粒形状对砂土结构及其宏观性质有显著的影响。为探究颗粒形状对砂土结构及渗透性的影响规律,选取玻璃珠、石英砂及玻璃渣3种颗粒形状各异的砂土作为研究对象,首先采用高分辨率三维X射线显微镜(CT)进行精细扫描,重构了砂土三维结构模型。选取了颗粒伸长率、扁度、球度、孔隙比表面积等形状参数统计分析得出整体形状参数(OR),将OR引入Kozeny-Carman(K-C)方程得出考虑颗粒形状特征的砂土渗透系数的预测方程。室内柔性壁渗透试验表明砂土颗粒的整体形状参数(OR)越小(即颗粒形状越复杂),砂土的渗透性能越差,引入整体形状参数(OR)的K-C方程对砂土渗透性能的预测效果较好。     

硅砂表面高温改性提高水玻璃砂强度的机理

Ｘ－射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）、扫描电镜（ＳＥＭ）、能谱（ＥＤＳ）等的研究表明,硅砂表面存在吸附膜．高温改性使吸附膜被牢固烧结在砂粒表面,改变了吸附膜和砂粒表面的物理和化学特性,大大改善了湿润性,使粘结桥的断裂形式从附着断裂向内聚断裂转化,提高了水玻璃砂的强度．     

废黄河竖井双层涵洞试验研究

试验研究了废黄河竖井双层涵洞输送水流和泥沙运动特性。试验表明：竖井进口段过水断面呈渐趋收缩状,涵洞泄流能力增大;在通过小流量时,下层涵洞流速大,有利于依靠水力输沙;双层涵洞中间隔层具有随上下层涵洞流速差减小、脉动压力影响趋于微弱的性质。提出了轮换开启部分闸门,使开启涵洞内平均流速大于泥沙不淤流速的调控方法,解决了双层涵洞安全输送泥沙的工程措施问题。     

用铁砂研制铁氧体电波吸收材料

以铁砂为原料制备一种尖晶石型铁氧体电波吸收材料,在７－１２ＧＨｚ范围,发现有两个吸收峰,吸收量在９－１３ｄｂ;将铁氧体吸收体和铁砂吸收体组成复合电波吸收材料,亦有两个吸收峰,一峰向低频区偏移,吸收量增至１４．５ｄｂ;以复合吸收体为基础材料,在其中添加六角铁氧体和稀土元素,可改变吸收峰位置,提高吸收量,最大可达２７ｄｂ。     

悬砂稠化剂流变特性研究

研制出一种具有三维网络状结构的悬砂稠化剂，该稠化剂具有极强的悬砂能力，能与山砂以任意的配比形成复合浆体，并将山砂和水固结在一起而不脱水，极大地提高了砂浆防灭火效果；此外使砂不易堵管，大大地降低砂子对管道的磨损，并有利于管道长距离输送．并对悬砂稠化剂流变特性进行了研究，得到该稠化剂是具有剪切稀化特性的假塑性非牛顿流体；当悬砂稠化剂浓度为0．4％时，溶液具有最佳的流体力学特性；同时悬砂稠化剂的粘度与Ca^2＋离子浓度、Na^＋离子浓度、pH值、温度以及存放时间等因素密切相关．最后，用悬砂稠化剂进行了悬浮山砂的实验，制备出具有优良防灭火性能的稠化砂浆．图7，参8。     

The age of formation of the mirabilite and sand wedges in the Hexi Corridor and their paleoclimatic interpretation

The Hexi Corridor is located at the transition zone of the Asian summer monsoon and westerly airflow, and lies in an important position in terms of its ecological fragility and climatic sensitivity. During a recent field expedition to this region, we found a sedimentary mirabilite layer in a number of localities including Suwushan, Yanchi, Baitujing, Yanchi Gaotai, Huahai, Yumen, Halanuo扙r, and Dunhuang (Fig. 1), which have the potential to provide important information about environmenta…     

Contributions of different land cover types in Otindag Sandy Land and Bashang area of Hebei Province to the material source of sand stormy weather in Beijing

Different land cover types in Otindag Sandy Land and Bashang area of Hebei Province are linked to a material source of sand stormy weather in Beijing based on results of field vegetation and soil survey and laboratory works. Results of grain size analysis show that dust release potential in per unit area of moving sandy land is small,while lowland meadow and meadow steppe in stony hills have high potential of releasing dusts in per unit area during sand stormy weather occurrence. Further considering the effects of vegetation, it is inferred that the moving sandy land served as a material source of past dust storm and the possibility of dust release in per unit area is low in current time.Typical steppe in stony hills is undergoing desertification and its dust release possibility in per unit area is high. Farmland has strong potential of release dusts when they are ploughed in spring, but a large amount of therophytes grow and thus prevent dusts from release when cultivation was terminated.Potentials of dust release in per unit area in fixed sand dunes,stony mountain meadow steppe and low land meadow are lowdue to high cover of perennials. Sand dune reactivation and desiccation of lakes and lowlands under estimated future climatic change will make them serve as a future material source of sand stormy weather.