诱导不结瘤豆科树种结瘤固氮的研究

根据国内外有关诱导非豆科作物结瘤固氮的现状,结合作者几年来的工作,对诱导不结瘤豆科树种结瘤固氮的可行性进行了探讨,并报道了作者近年来人工诱导不结瘤的豆科树种—山皂荚(Gledtsia melanacantha)的试验结果。     

The pathogenicity on legumes of Cucumber mosaic virus was determined by 243 nucleotides on 2a polymerase gene of viral RNA2

We had isolated and identified two Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) isolates, the CMV red bean (CMV-RB) isolate and the CMV pea (CMV-P1) isolate. CMV-RB induces necrotic local lesions on inoculated leaves of broad bean, pea, cowpea and bean, and could not infect these hosts systemically. However, CMV-P1 was able to infect these legumes systemically. To study the difference of pathogenicity on the legumes induced by these two CMV isolates, the full-length infectious cDNA clones of CMV-Fny, which induced similar symptoms as CMV-RB in the four legumes, were used. The 243 nucleotides fragment, which encodes highly conserved GDD amino acid motif on 2a replicase gene of CMV-Fny RNA2, was replaced with that of CMV-P1. The constructed chimeric virus FP could infect these legumes systemically. The exchange of this region changes the virus symptoms on the legumes, indicating that this 243 nucleotides fragment has major effect on pathogenicity of CMV on the legumes.     

浑善达克沙地固沙先锋豆科植物的光合特性

 豆科植物木岩黄芪是浑善达克沙地的优势种,也是流动沙丘的先锋种,研究其对沙丘恶劣生境的光合适应性有助于揭示固沙植物的适应性机制,为其在沙地恢复中的充分利用提供理论依据.研究了木岩黄芪的光合特征、资源利用效率、PSII光化学效率以及光合酶活性.结果表明,木岩黄芪的光合速率、水分和氮素利用效率较高,忍受中午强光和高温的能力强,还表现出了显著的高的光饱和点和低的光补偿点,气孔和非气孔调节能力强,属于低耗水型植物;C₄光合酶的活性高,但稳定性碳同位素的测定结果显示木岩黄芪是C₃植物,因此木岩黄芪可能属于C₃和C₄植物的中间类型.C₄光合酶作用下的高羧化效率和高资源利用效率以及固氮优势使得该物种对沙丘的恶劣生境适应性较强.     

The pathogenicity on legumes of Cucumber mosaic virus was determined by 243 nucleotides on 2a polymerase gene of viral RNA2

We had isolated and identified two Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) isolates, the CMV red bean (CMV-RB)isolate and the CMV pea (CMV-P1) isolate. CMV-RBinduces necrotic local lesions on inoculated leaves of broad bean, pea, cowpea and bean, and could not infect these hosts systemically. However, CMV-P1 was able to infect these legumes systemically. To study the difference of pathogenicity. on the legumes induced by these two CMV isolates, the full-length infectious cDNA clones of CMV-Fny, which induced similar symptoms as CMV-RB in the four legumes,were used. The 243 nucleotides fragment, which encodes highly conserved GDD amino acid motif on 2a replicase gene of CMV-Fny RNA2, was replaced with that of CMV-P1. The constructed chimeric virus FP could infect these legumes systemically. The exchange of this region changes the virus symptoms on the legumes, indicating that this 243 nucleotides fragment has major effect on pathogenicity of CMV on the legumes.``     

我国豆科树种结瘤情况的补充资料

<正>在１９９０年编写我国豆科树种结瘤情况的资料基础上,近三年又在江苏、山东、安徽、福建、云南等省部分地区野外调查及育苗观察了４８属１２２种豆科树种结瘤情况,其中３６种是国内首次观察。     

豆科树种根瘤菌共生体系的研究——Ⅱ.豆科树种根瘤菌分类地位

<正>据作者试验观察,豆科树种根瘤菌周生鞭毛、生长快的菌株,在YEM培养基上产生酸,在石蕊牛奶中也产生乳清层,如刺槐、紫穗槐、马蹄针、紫藤等的根瘤菌具有上述性状;极生或亚极生鞭毛、生长慢的菌株在YEM培养基中不产生酸,在石蕊牛奶中也不产生乳清层,如垂耳相思、花梨木、华楹、合欢等树种的根瘤菌具有这些性状。因此,豆科树种根瘤菌也应分列于二个属中(Rhizobium和Bradyrhizobium),这与Jordan提出的新分类系统基本一致。     

木本豆科植物根瘤菌资源及多样性研究进展

与木本豆科植物共生的根瘤菌为其宿主提供了相当数量的氮素,这些根瘤菌在分类地位上可归入不同的属、种,说明它们的多样性及与木本豆科植物共生关系的混杂性。另外从木本豆科植物上分离的根瘤菌还有较强的抗性,是宝贵的种质资源。