经皮肺动脉去交感神经冷冻消融术治疗犬肺动脉高压疗效评价

摘要:目的 通过野百合碱诱导的犬肺动脉高压模型,观察肺动脉去交感神经冷冻消融术后 6 个月的肺动脉平均压力( mPAP) 、肺毛细血管楔压( PCWP)及内皮素受体-1( ET-1)变化,评估冷冻消融去比格犬肺动脉交感神经的安全性和有效性。 方法 将 15 只比格犬随机分为 A 组(冷冻消融组) 、B 组(假手术组) 及 C 组( 对照组) ,对比观察比格犬手术前后 mPAP、PCWP 及 ET-1 水平变化。 结果 A、B 和 C 各组术后 6 个月,mPAP、PCWP 和 ET-1 值均低于术前水平,差异有统计学意义( P<0. 05) 。 结论 犬肺动脉高压经皮肺动脉去交感神经冷冻消融术安全且有效,术后表现出延续性降肺动脉压力效果。     

Cell cycle changes after denervation of the newt limb regenerate,studied in vitro

Summary The proliferation of the mesenchyme of medium bud stage blastemas ofPleurodeles, measured by³H-thymidine incorporation and mitotic index, decreases about 40–50% under denervated conditions when cultivated in vitro for 4 days; epidermis is not affected in this case. Autoradiography of blastemas after³H-thymidine long term labeling shows that 3/4 of the mesenchymal cells and 1/4 of the epidermal cells are cycling when the blastema is innervated; there is no significant change of these percentages when the blastema is denervated. The results show, contrary to in vivo experiments, that denervation does not provoke an exiting from the cell-cycle but only lengthening of the cycle of the mesenchymal cells (probably of the G₁ phase).     

Chronic sensory denervation reduces thrombin-stimulated endothelin release from aortic endothelial cells

The long-term (trophic) influence of perivascular nerves on the endothelium was investigated by measuring changes in thrombin-stimulated release of the potent vasoconstrictor, endothelin, after selective chronic denervation. Rat pups were treated with either guanethidine or capsaicin to destroy sympathetic or sensory nerves, respectively. The abdominal aortas from the rats at three months of age (5 pooled per experiment) were incubated with 4U thrombin/ml in medium for 24 h at 37°C, and the amount of endothelin released from the preparation determined by immunoassay. After neonatal sensory denervation there was a significant reduction in the thrombinstimulated release of endothelin compared to the controls (0.012±0.012 (4) compared to 0.063±0.012 (6), pmol/cm²/24 h, p<0.02). There was no change in endothelin release after sympathetic denervation. In summary, sensory nerves play a trophic role in the expression of endothelin in endothelial cells of the intima.     

去神经前后肌组织ATP酶活性改变

对中华大蟾蜍快肌和慢肌组织的ＡＴＰ酶活性进行比较研究发现,快肌缝匠肌肌组织比慢肌腹直肌肌组织的ＡＴＰ酶活性要高,去神经后缝匠肌ＡＴＰ酶的活性有显著下降,这些差异和变化具有一定的生理意义．     

去除后肢神经支配对大鼠骨骼肌中钠钾腺苷酶各亚基表达的影响

检测了去除神经支配的大鼠后肢和对侧的对照后肢骨骼肌中钠钾腺苷酶(Na—K—ATPase)各亚基的蛋白质和mRNA的表达，结果表明，去除后肢神经支配4d，在红色骨骼肌中α2和β1亚基的蛋白质表达显著下降(分别下降了46％和77％)，在红色腓肠肌和比目鱼肌中，α2亚基的mRNA水平分别下降了29％和39％，β1亚基的mRNA水平分别下降了80％和52％，在白色骨骼肌中α2亚基的蛋白质和mRNA水平无显著变化；在红色和白色骨骼肌中，α1亚基的蛋白质表达分别增加了20％和15％，同时伴随着更大幅度的mRNA水平的增加，而β2亚基的蛋白质表达未发生显著变化，其mRNA水平在红色腓肠肌中也无显著变化，但在白色腓肠肌中减少了59％．这些结果证实，在去除神经支配的大鼠骨骼肌中，钠钾腺苷酶各亚基的表达受转录和转录后调控，与已报道的胰岛素特异性诱导α2和β1亚基向细胞膜转移的研究结果相吻合．实验中仅α2和β1亚基的蛋白质表达显著下降暗示，在大鼠骨骼肌中，由于去除神经支配造成的胰岛素抵抗使原本受胰岛素调节的钠钾腺苷酶亚基的表达机制受到破坏．     

肾动脉外膜消融术对自发性高血压大鼠的治疗效果

摘要: 目的 研究肾动脉外膜消融对自发性高血压大鼠( SRH) 血压的影响。方法 雄性 16 周龄自发性高血压大 鼠 25 只,随机分为两组: 肾动脉外膜射频消融组( n = 13) 和假手术组( n = 12) 。采用自制射频消融仪对双侧行肾动 脉外膜行环状消融。结果 肾动脉外膜消融组术后 1 周大鼠血压为 120. 4 ± 14. 6 mm Hg,降低至正常血压水平,血 压下降幅度达 44. 6 mm Hg,与术前相比,P = 0. 00,有统计学意义; 术后 3 周血压为 127. 9 ± 13. 0 mm Hg,血压下降 幅度达 37. 1 mm Hg,与术前 1 周相比,P = 0. 00,有统计学意义。假手术组大鼠血压随时间推移呈上升趋势,但血压 变化无统计学意义。肾动脉外膜消融组术后大鼠心率降低,与术前相比,术后 1 周降低 22. 7 次/min,P = 0. 141,无 统计学意义; 术后 2 周、3 周进一步降低,分别降低 41. 2 次/min 和 60 次/min,与术前相比,P = 0. 009、P = 0. 000,差 别有统计学意义。假手术组大鼠心率也有降低趋势,但组间比较无统计学意义。肾动脉外膜消融组大鼠肾动脉直 径、肾动脉血流速度术后 3 周与术前相比,无统计学差别; 结论 肾动脉外膜消融能有效降低 SHR 血压和心率,对肾动脉直径和血流速度无明显影响。     

Changes in the protein kinase C activity or rat sternomastoid muscle during development and after denervation

Summary The relationship between the activity of protein kinase C (PKC) and muscle innervation was explored in the rat sternomastoid muscle (SM) from day 18 of gestation (E18) to adult age. Between E18 and birth, PKC activity rose 5-fold, and during the day after birth, diminished to a level characteristic of the mature muscle. The rise chiefly occurred in the neural part of the muscle, in both the membrane and the cytosol fractions. Between E18 and day 5 after birth, the ratios of membrane to cytosol PKC activity rose from 0.5 to 10 and 3 respectively in the neural and aneural parts of the muscle. Denervation of adult SM reduced PKC activity by half in the membrane fraction of the neural part but did not significantly change it in the membrane or cytosol fractions of the aneural parts. These results suggest that innervation plays an important part in determining the level of PKC activity in muscle.     

Alanine and aspartate aminotransferases in normal and denervated skeletal muscle

Summary Activities of alanine and aspartate aminotransferases are maintained during the first 5 weeks of growth, but decrease subsequently in normal chick gastrocnemii. In sciatectomized muscles, a 5-fold elevation in these enzymes reveals increased utilization of amino acid as a compensatory metabolic support during denervation atrophy.     

Muscle proteinase activities during compensatory growth and atrophy

Summary Specific activities of cathepsins B and D, but not H, increased in both the tenotomized gastrocnemius and functionally overloaded soleus muscles, thus correlating with previously reported increases in protein degradation. Subsequent denervation of the overloaded soleus caused an additive increase in proteolysis, suggesting a possible greater lability of proteins in this muscle.