生物法净化低浓度甲醛废气实验研究初探

实验主要通过筛选和培育适合于净化甲醛废气的微生物菌种对生物膜填料塔接种挂膜，用生物膜填料塔来考察不同的进口浓度和不同的液体喷淋量下生物法对甲醛废气净化效果，实验结果表明：生物法净化低浓度甲醛废气可行，而且净化效果较好。     

生物滤池废水处理过程数学模型的求解和验证

利用基于定层数、定密度和变层厚的差分解法,求解多组分、多物种生物滤池模型（CM—MDMB）,并用试验实例检验了模型（CMMDMB）对生物滤池内生物膜厚度和微生物组分结构以及滤池处理的模拟效果．检验的结果表明,模型（CMMDMB）能有效地模拟生物滤池的运行效果．     

Enhancing Phosphorous Recovery in a Novel Biofilter System

Developing new techniques to remove and recover phosphorous simultaneously from wastewaters is very important for sustainable utilization of phosphorous resource and prevention of eutrophication. The feasibility of phosphorus bioaccumulation in a novel continuous alternating anaerobic /aerobic biofilter and benefits of such accumulation for its further recovery as magnesium ammonia phosphate （MAP） were studied. The system was operated for seven months and employed the atomic absorption spectrophotometer （AAS） method to analyze the distribution change of magnesium and calcium with phosphate in the biofilter during that period. The benefits of utilizing the biofilter system to accumulate phosphorous ＆ magnesium and suppress calcium simultaneously to phosphorous recovery as MAP were explained with the aid of chemical equilibrium models. The improved phosphorus recovery from 42% to 82% was approved in the recovery experiments and the recovery products mainly as MAP were evidenced and characterized with scanning electron microscopy （SEM） . The study provides references for designing and operating the novel alternating anaerobic /aerobic biofilter for phosphorus bioaccumulation and recovery.     

反硝化生物滤池深度脱氮中试运行效能及微生物菌群分析

以污水处理厂二级出水为原水,开展了水力负荷、碳氮比和温度等关键参数的中试运行效能研究。中试系统中主要利用外加碳源而不是二级出水原水中的有机物进行反硝化,较优的水力负荷和碳氮比分别为5 m·h^-1和4,对化学需氧量（COD）和总氮（TN）的去除率分别为62.8%和67.3%;在温度为15~27 ℃时,中试系统的出水TN稳定在10.0 mg·L^-1以下。中试系统中,不仅Hyphomicrobium和Methyloversatilis等传统反硝化细菌的相对丰度较高（占25.12%）,Methylotenera和Paracoccus等同步硝化反硝化细菌的相对丰度也较高（占33.29%）,以上优势菌种的存在保证了系统的高效脱氮效果。     

复合滤池-人工湿地组合工艺对城市高污染水的处理

采用复合滤池-人工湿地组合工艺处理城市高污染水,考察了组合工艺对污染物的去除效果及稳定性的影响。结果表明,有机物的降解和硝化主要在滤池中完成,氮、磷则通过人工湿地进一步去除。温度的季节性变化对磷的去除效果有少许影响,碳源不足限制了脱氮效果,组合工艺对污染物的处理效果稳定,出水中COD、TP、NH4+-N、TN平均质量浓度分别为16.39、0.38、1.44、16.38 mg/L,出水水质可达到城市杂用水水质标准。     

生物滤池处理微污染原水中氨氮及“氮亏损”影响因素分析

为探讨饮用水生物滤池对NH4+-N去除和"氮亏损"现象的影响因素,测定生物滤池进出水中NH4+-N,NO2--N,NO3--N等指标.结果表明,陶粒生物滤池对NH4+-N的去除率从14.97%到60.99%,活性炭生物滤池对NH4+-N的去除率从16.59%到83.02%;陶粒和活性炭滤池对NH4+-N的去除率都随着流速的增加而降低;陶粒滤池内NH4+-N的去除率随着气水比和C∶N的增加而先增加后下降;NH4+-N的去除率在活性炭滤池内随C∶N的增加而降低,气∶水的增加而增加;气∶水对两种生物滤池中NH4+-N去除的影响最大.陶粒生物滤池氮亏损的量从0.10 mg/L到0.70 mg/L,活性炭生物滤池氮亏损量从0.11 mg/L到1.01 mg/L;氮亏损量随着流速增加而降低,随着气水比增加而增加,随着C∶N的增加而先下降后增加;气水比对陶粒和活性炭生物滤池的氮亏损量影响最大.     

曝气生物滤池及其填料性能

为提高曝气生物滤池(BAF)处理废水的效率,以沸石、活性炭、建筑陶粒、工程陶粒作为填料测试气体流速、水力停留时间(HRT)、进水有机负荷对生物滤池的化学需氧量(COD)、NH3—N的去除效果及出水浊度的影响。结果表明:在水力停留时间为1.5h、进水COD为150mg/L、有机负荷为2.41kgCOD/(m3·d)时,两种陶粒出水COD均小于25mg/L;当进水有机负荷为0.74kgCOD/(m3·d)时,工程陶粒出水COD小于10mg/L;工程陶粒是曝气生物滤池填料的最佳选择。     

Numerical simulation for volatile organic compound removal in rotating drum biofilter

Rotating drum biofilters (RDBs) could effectively remove volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from waste gas streams. A mathematical model was developed on the basis of mass transport and mass balance equations in an RDB,the two-film theory,and the Monod kinetics. This model took account of mass transfer and biodegradation of VOC in the gas-water-biofilm three-phase system in the biofilter,and could simulate variations of VOC removal efficiency with a changing specific surface area and porosity of the media due to the increasing of biofilm thickness in the biofilter. Toluene was used as a model VOC. This model was further simplified by introducing a coefficient of the gas velocity and ne-glecting the water phase due to the complexity of operating conditions. The equations for the biofilm phase,gas phase,and biofilm accumulation in this model were solved using collocation method,ana-lytic method,and the Runge-Kutta method separately. A computer program was written down as MATLAB to solve this model. Results of numerical solutions showed that toluene removal efficiency in the RDB increased and reached the maximum values of 97% on day 4 after the startup,and then de-creased and remained at 90% after 5 more days of operation. Toluene concentration was high at the outermost layer where more than 70% toluene was removed,and was low at the innermost layer where less than 10% toluene was removed. The dynamic removal efficiencies from this model correlated reasonably well with experimental results for toluene removal in a multi-layered RDB.     

工程菌固定化生物滤池除臭效能影响研究

试验采用工程菌固定化生物过滤去除H2S和NH3。考察了最大容积负荷及其影响因素,并对相应的机理进行了分析。容积负荷不超过20 g.(m-3.h-1)时,工程菌固定化生物滤池对H2S和NH3的去除率均能达到99%以上,H2S和NH3容积负荷分别超过80 g.(m-3.h-1)和50 g.(m-3.h-1)或者停留时间小于20 s时,去除效率迅速降低。通过反冲洗可以降低滤池的压降,提高除臭效率,反冲洗后通气12 h和72 h,滤池对硫化氢和氨气的去除趋于稳定。     

温度对ANAMMOX滤池的影响

为了深入研究温度对厌氧氨氧化生物膜滤池性能的影响,采用缺氧下向流生物膜滤池进行试验.实验结果显示,ANAMMOX滤池的氨氮去除速率及氨氮容积负荷率均随温度的升高而增大,并利用Arrhenius公式推算出了该ANAMMOX滤池的反应速率与温度之间的定量关系.